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1 – 10 of 11Development plans define what constitutes mainstream social and economic policy in Ankara. This plan lays out the intentions of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s Justice and…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284127
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Logistics performance.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB212408
ISSN: 2633-304X
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However, more than half of employed Saudis work in the public sector, with their pay absorbing about 45% of the state budget. Increased employment of Saudi nationals in…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB274926
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The sector is Israel’s leading industry: a driver of economic growth, a major employer and a key source of export receipts and foreign investment. It also plays an important role…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB275033
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Long-term patron Riyadh has become increasing impatient with Beirut in recent years, largely because of the growing dominance of Tehran-linked factions. This year, Saudi Arabia…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB262449
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The budget was subsequently presented to parliament for discussion on October 18. The 2022 budget was increased to USD27bn, up from USD25.4bn in 2021. Akhannouch’s Five Year Plan…
This speech reiterated sentiments from the one he delivered on July 30 marking his 20 years in power, in which he highlighted the need to reduce inequality, create more jobs and…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB245968
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Foreign universities in Gulf states.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB249627
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The PYD controls the US-backed Kurdish-led administration in north-east Syria. It was the target of an October 2019 invasion by Turkey, which equates it with its own rebel…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB253541
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE have pursued a multipolar global soft power policy since the early 2000s in order to boost their international reputations and attract investment…