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In June 2022, Russia booked almost twice the revenue (USD20.4bn) from such exports. Declining oil income poses a serious challenge to the administration of President Vladimir…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB280900
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Most eastern EU societies continue to support Ukraine in its fight for independence, back Western sanctions, the EU and NATO, and view Russia as a security threat, according to a…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281746
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Prospects for Russian foreign policy to end-2022.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB271022
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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EU/RUSSIA: New sanctions may exclude nuclear energy
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES275941
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Eufor is activating about 500 of its reserves in case the deteriorating international situation spreads to BiH. The announcement came the same day that Russia launched its assault…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB267662
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Energy ties, already deep, have expanded since 2022 as part of a broader reorientation of Russian commerce away from the West. The similarly authoritarian leadership styles of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286445
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Simultaneous presidential and parliamentary elections are due by mid-2023 at the latest. Opinion polls suggest that support for Erdogan and his Justice and Development Party are…
China has provided low-key economic support for Russia so far, but overt military support for Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has not been forthcoming. Beijing has also resisted…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB282676
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Operating restrictions on Western firms since 2022 have expanded into expropriation risks over the last year. This month Putin signed a decree to authorise the seizure of US…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB287272
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Earlier this month, he visited Germany, Denmark and France. India has drawn closer to both the United Kingdom and the EU in recent years amid shared concerns over China’s growing…