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Expert briefing
Publication date: 24 June 2019

Russia has spent the last year choking commercial shipping's access to Ukraine's Mariupol and Berdyansk ports on the Sea of Azov. As Russia increases its naval power in the Black…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 5 September 2022

Eastern EU member-states, from the Baltics to the Black Sea, are united in applying existing sanctions against Russia, with only Hungary overtly weakening political unity on the…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 28 February 2022

Simultaneous presidential and parliamentary elections are due by mid-2023 at the latest. Opinion polls suggest that support for Erdogan and his Justice and Development Party are…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 19 December 2023

The navy has been more successful in modernising its submarine force than its surface fleet. Although it has fallen short of its original targets set in 2011, the new submarines…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 21 March 2016

NATO's evolving response to growing Russian military power.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 19 May 2021

Uncertainty about whether Moscow will lift its suspension of flights from June 1 is discouraging Russian tourism into mid-summer. Turkey’s growing defence ties with Ukraine, its…

Executive summary
Publication date: 3 February 2022

TURKEY: Erdogan wins even without Kyiv-Moscow talks

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