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Expert briefing
Publication date: 4 October 2023

Fostering closer trade and financial ties with countries outside the West is essential if Russia is to improve its economic security and enhance its sovereignty. For Moscow it is…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 28 September 2023

Doha is boosting the liquidity of the QIA, its sovereign wealth fund (SWF), using some of its high fiscal surplus. The SWF is in the midst of a period of portfolio rebalancing, by…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 5 July 2023

That represented a 1.9-percentage-point (pp) rise in import share and a 0.4-pp fall in export share. Turkey's economic and commercial ties with Europe (EU and non-EU) are strong…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 24 February 2016

France's Middle East policy.

Graphic analysis
Publication date: 6 July 2023

As links with Moscow and Beijing expand, foreign policies are less defined by US alignment or opposition

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