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1 – 10 of 58Defence spending will account for 1.2% of GDP in 2024, having remained stable at around this figure for at least the past two decades. Nevertheless, outside estimates of China’s…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286228
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Besides a leaders’ plenary and retreat, there were events linked to four thematic tracks: business; climate and clean energy; maritime cooperation; and emerging leaders…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285789
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Vietnam is Russia’s closest partner in South-east Asia and has refused to criticise Moscow over the Ukraine war. Between 2000 and 2022, Russia accounted for more than 80% of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284520
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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The IMF recently recommended structural reforms to bolster the economy, which has struggled to recover from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Brunei has long been reliant on…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284691
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Separately, regional leaders were somewhat reassured by the modest rapprochement between China and the United States -- influential powers in South-east Asia -- on the margins of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB283554
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The two sides notably committed to planning joint patrols in the South China Sea, where the Philippines and China have competing claims. On September 7, Albanese said he would…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281933
ISSN: 2633-304X
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This reflects the basic principles of foreign policy under President Ferdinand ‘Bongbong’ Marcos, who visited Beijing on January 3-5, Tokyo on February 8-12 and Washington on…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB279175
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, one of the world’s few remaining absolute monarchs, faces a tough challenge to turn around the pandemic-hit economy. Brunei is struggling to make up for…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB274971
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The leaders held talks on a range of issues, including economic cooperation. Kishida afterwards described India as an “indispensable partner” in Japan’s attempts to realise its…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB278223
ISSN: 2633-304X
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A day earlier, the opinion pollster Pulse Asia Research released the results of a survey in which his government had majority approval ratings on eleven out of 13 key issues. The…