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PAKISTAN/IRAN: Ties will face US-related pressures
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES286633
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Russia maintains a delicate balance in the Middle East, preserving a close relationship with Shia-majority Iran and a security presence in neighbouring Syria while seeking…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286793
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Energy ties, already deep, have expanded since 2022 as part of a broader reorientation of Russian commerce away from the West. The similarly authoritarian leadership styles of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286445
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Since 2021, Turkey has been working to improve relations with former regional rivals such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Egypt and Israel. It sees the outreach…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281425
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Turkey's attempts to expand its military role in both Iraq and Syria are entangled with major shifts in its relations with the United States and Russia, and in its overall…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB214345
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Middle East hydrocarbons routes.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB239243
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Confrontations between Russian and Turkish fighter jets along the Turkish-Syrian border -- which triggered strong expressions of support for Turkey from NATO and the EU -- have…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB205836
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Despite fears being raised recently of threats to US assets from pro-Iran armed groups, however, the latter have thus far refrained from using their lethal capabilities against US…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB244731
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Abadi is walking a difficult line between Turkish and Iranian allies, who fear each other’s intentions in Iraq. These tensions are focused on the post-Mosul era, which opens the…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB222325
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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SYRIA: Damascus will confront US-backed forces