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Expert briefing
Publication date: 8 August 2022

Energy exports have been Russia’s potent weapon against Europe since the Ukraine war began. When NS1 closed for maintenance in July, fears mounted that flows would not resume…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 23 September 2022

Flows resumed within days, but the sudden cut-off -- ascribed to overdue transit payments -- highlights Central Europe’s dependence on Russian oil imports and the difficulty of…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 6 August 2020

However, with COVID-19-related disruptions weakening chocolate demand, and expectations for another tumble in cocoa’s world market price, the Ivorian Coffee and Cocoa Board (CCC…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 24 October 2022

Slovakia’s Soviet inheritance has exposed it to the massive economic fallout from the Kremlin’s full-scale aggression against Ukraine, its efforts to squeeze natural gas supplies…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 29 November 2021

However, this recovery remains below global growth for the second consecutive year, further widening global income disparities and possibly undermining crucial domestic spending…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 8 June 2020

However, the political, economic and social reverberations look set to have a significant impact.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 9 December 2022

Central-East European (CEE) economies grow faster than most in good times but are more vulnerable in bad times, lacking the political and financial capital and competences to…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 2 June 2020

The re-opening comes despite an infection rate that is expected to peak only later this year.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 12 May 2020

COVID-19.

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Expert briefing (10)
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