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Central Europe is cutting dependence on Russian energy

Location:

EASTERN EUROPE

The four Visegrad (V4) countries -- Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia and Poland -- have built up gas stocks to prepare for the winter. Once the EU states most dependent on Russian gas…

The EU’s phase-out of Russian gas is not guaranteed

Location:

EU

This is the trajectory followed by the majority of member states. However, blockages remain in east-central Europe, where Turkey could play a role in maintaining direct or…

Eastern EU may target those vulnerable to inflation

Location:

EU

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine cut the supply of major staples to the Baltic states and the Visegrad Four (V4: Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia). Local factors, such as import…

East European growth in 2023 will be modest at best

Location:

EASTERN EUROPE

Some countries are dipping into recession, while others are likely to manage modest growth. Their various policy and real-economy responses point to different strengths and…

Russian gas cut would hurt EU’s eastern members most

Location:

EASTERN EUROPE

Energy exports have been Russia’s potent weapon against Europe since the Ukraine war began. When NS1 closed for maintenance in July, fears mounted that flows would not resume…