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Expert briefing
Publication date: 22 March 2023

National efforts, EU-wide measures, warm weather and low Chinese demand helped them weather the impact of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, but partly at the expense of progress on…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 24 August 2023

The four Visegrad (V4) countries -- Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia and Poland -- have built up gas stocks to prepare for the winter. Once the EU states most dependent on Russian gas…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 2 March 2023

The war delivered a shock to Europe’s post-Cold War order -- its security, peace and stability. Economically, it marks a turn in global trade relations, supply chains and energy…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 22 February 2023

High electricity prices and concerns about Russian energy supplies have put the eastern EU nuclear industry into the spotlight. Finland, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary and…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 28 April 2022

Higher energy prices and, as war rages in Ukraine, the politicisation of sources of supply are highlighting weaknesses, and some strengths, in the energy systems of the eleven…

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Expert briefing (5)
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