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Expert briefing
Publication date: 3 December 2021

Official spending on defence and security for 2022 is up by about 22% year-on-year. This does not include extrabudgetary resources which are kept secret even from lawmakers. The…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 21 December 2020

The 2021 presidential programme forecast domestic content in defence projects reaching 71% and arms exports tripling to USD6.2bn. However, that was before Washington banned export…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 April 2024

Parallel imports have played a crucial role in securing the supply of goods for the Russian economy. The creation and management of parallel import channels is now an important…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 30 October 2019

In the race to nominate a Democratic presidential candidate, one of the major dividing lines has been whether to return to the party’s 2016 agenda or advocate systemic overhaul…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 17 May 2023

Inflation has subsided owing to base effects. War, sanctions, geopolitical isolation and economic restructuring have already undermined population living standards, with poorer…

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