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Expert briefing
Publication date: 6 February 2023

Russia is encouraging a rapprochement between Turkey and Syria that does not explicitly include Iran, a key economic and military backer of the Damascus government. Tehran worries…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 31 January 2020

Moscow is increasingly involved in Libya in support of a dual ambition to be taken seriously as a regional power and an honest intermediary. As Turkey takes sides in the conflict…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 31 July 2024

Previous efforts to achieve detente have faltered because of the sheer complexity of the issues at stake: 3.6 million Syrian refugees in Turkey, Ankara's military presence in…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 1 September 2017

Israel sees rising risks from developments in Syria, especially the implementation of four ‘de-escalation zones’ agreed on May 6 by Russia, Iran and Turkey after talks in Astana…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 1 November 2018

Prospects for Russian foreign policy in 2019.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 11 July 2019

Government forces have struggled to make headway in their offensive against the final rebel stronghold in the north-west. That campaign enjoys significant Russian support…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 14 July 2023

The letter specified that aid must be coordinated with Damascus and also pushed for donors to fulfil their commitments and support refugee return -- a key issue for Arab…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 27 December 2018

The team includes the defence and foreign ministers, the intelligence chief and President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s special adviser Ibrahim Kalin. They will visit Washington later…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 3 March 2020

Russia and Turkey in Syria's war.

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