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The EU on March 10 set a deadline of 2027 to “achieve independence” from Russian gas. Iran, which has the world’s second-largest gas reserves, has the potential to become a major…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB268371
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The arrest and conviction of Jalali, a medical doctor and researcher, raised accusations from Western states that Tehran detains foreign nationals as 'hostages' to apply political…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB270833
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The European Commission has upped its contribution to 1 billion euros, with Germany next at 428 million, and Italy fourth at 225 million, after securing agreement that it would be…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB208255
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Turkey’s confrontation with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) is a key driver of regional and to some extent international policy. Erdogan’s comfortable victory in the May 2023…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285684
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Syria's civil war has created the largest humanitarian and development crisis in the Middle East since the Second World War. Domestic, regional and international political…
The accord threatens to deepen the longest crisis in US-Israeli relations. Ongoing political strife, strategic differences and potential clashes over implementation and…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB201193
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Turkey’s foreign policy since 2002.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB224881
ISSN: 2633-304X
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That represented a 1.9-percentage-point (pp) rise in import share and a 0.4-pp fall in export share. Turkey's economic and commercial ties with Europe (EU and non-EU) are strong…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB280284
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The chances of reviving the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA, nuclear deal) are slim. Western governments hope that an agreement will reduce regional tensions. Arab…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB273064
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Although the extension is not a formal violation, it reflects rising tensions over the July 2015 deal. The US presidential election victory of Donald Trump has raised questions…