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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the order relation of existing in computer science, define and analyze macroscopical‐order and semi‐partial order in pansystems theory, and explored the relationship between macroscopical‐order and semi‐partial order. It is an attempt to analyze problems in computer science by using pansystem's philosophy with mathematics and technology (PMT)‐combination.

Sorting is an important operation in computer science. The main task of the sorting operation is to rearrange the random serial of records into an ordered serial of records according to some keywords. The authors know that there are many sorting methods in computer science. The authors discussed the essence of semi‐partial order and macroscopical‐order and the transformation between semi‐partial order and macroscopical‐order from the point of panscale's view; the essence of this transformation is revealed. By combining the PMT (PMT‐combination), it is easy for the authors to get a deep understanding of the technology in computer science.

The need for application of the order relation, the authors explored the relationship between macroscopical‐order and semi‐partial order. Combined with PanScale, the authors analyzed the essence of the transformation between macroscopical‐order and semi‐partial order. And applied it to the computer science.

The order relation is an important problem in computer science, as well as existing in our daily life, at the same time this problem has a scale concept in it, the authors need to further research and study.

A very useful method for research of the order relation in computer science.

To explore the relationship between macroscopical‐order and semi‐partial order. Combined with PanScale, the authors analyzed the essence of the transformation between macroscopical‐order and semi‐partial order. And applied macroscopical‐order and semi‐partial order to the computer science.

In order to study granularity, this paper aims to discuss how to construct granules from the view of panweighted field of pansystem.

By changing the panweights of panweighted field – subdivision of panweights, increase/decrease of panweights and reallocating panweights, to construct proper granules is the approach taken.

This paper provides a new method of studying granularity. If the weights of panweighted field are subdivided, then the granularity diminishes; if the panweights of panweighted field are increased, then the corresponding granularity diminished. Contrarily, the decrease of panweights of panweighted field results in the corresponding granularity increased; by reallocating panweights, use different method to construct different granules, such as compatible class, neighbor operator, compatible core, s‐s core and so on.

How to reallocate panweights is the main limitation.

A very useful advice for studying granularity.

This paper combines the granularity with panweighted field of pansystem, and studies granularity from the view of panweighted field of pansystems.

Develops in a concrete way the thought of pansystems philosophy about the so‐called five‐mutual ideas of pansystems (5‐DSPP), and investigates certain real interconnections of the borderline of information systems and related topological boundary.

Rating, as a common way of evaluation, is a significant exercise and plays a major role in managerial decision-making in general and in particular online purchasing. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

This study utilizes the theory of social network analysis (SNA) to make a comprehensive evaluation model for rating commodities. Specifically, the paper shows how to apply the network analysis, how it works and what the advantage is. The paper further presents the new model's properties and validates the model's applicability. The paper finally analyzes the results with respect to various dimensions of a movie rating database and report on the insights generated by the model.

Through the designed comparison analysis and the empirical analysis, the model is showed to be better than the traditional ones such as averaging, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and several mentioned dimension-reduction techniques (DRTs) in terms of consistency and its ability to deal with the missing data.

The new model is solvable in polynomial time and proper for the large-scale data set. Furthermore, this model can also be seen as a data mining method which would be useful to improve insights into customer behavior.

The proposed method enables to give comprehensive rating results which can preserve the rankings implied by all the customers’ ratings, adapt to the database with the missing data and cost a low algorithm time and space.

The framework, panorama, related applications and development of pansystems thinking are introduced and some problems concerning generalized systems, derivatives, symmetry and quantification are investigated, a sort of difference‐identity theory within the framework of pansystems thinking is cultivated, and a new type of clustering method with many intertransformations among some important pansystems concepts is presented. Related contents include: pansystems combination of mathematics, systems, dialectics and poetry thinking, methodology to comprehend laws by pansymmetries or by moving networks, the pansystems views of generalized order, quotientization and series‐parallel relations, control‐reachability, duality transformation, discoupling principle, communication theorems, general parental relations, etc.

The framework, methodology and development of pansystems cybernetics are introduced. Related contents include: the postmodernizational systems thought, the epitome of pansystems methods, hi‐tech mechanism, social cybernetics, pansystems views of value, labor, management and economics, pedagogy, history and futurology, systems mathematics, general clustering analysis, observocontrollability, generalized living systems, information metascience, regret information, general fuzzy control, generalized gray systems, entropy, large scale dynamical supercomplicated Shengke systems, function simulations, transformation theory, simplification, strengthening, forming substance of subsystems of living systems of Miller’s theory, etc.

Significant amount of harmonics and inter-harmonics are being injected into the power system because of the increasing use of power electronics and large non-liner loads. Therefore, analyzing their contents in real time is necessary.

The frequency and phase of an electric power harmonic or inter-harmonic can be estimated by using the discrete spectrum energy center of symmetric windows, the amplitude calculation of an electric power harmonic or inter-harmonic can be calculated by using the Pasival theorem, and their relative estimation error is only decided by the distribution of windows’ energy in the frequency domain, which equals the proportion of the spectrum energy occupied in the side lobe to the whole.

The results of the digital simulation and experimental tests show that the method proposed in this paper has the same measurement precision as and more advantages in computational complexity and burden over other methods, which are based on multipoint interpolation or interpolation polynomial windowed.

The method is very suitable to be used to real-time measurement in a single chip DSP micro-processor.

The purpose of this paper is to numerically study the influence of wall conduction on the heat transfer of supercritical n-decane in the active regenerative cooling channels.

A horizontally placed rectangular pipe with a solid zone and another one without a solid zone were used. A drastic variation of thermo-physical properties was emphatically addressed. After the verification of mesh and turbulence models comparing with the experimental results, a mesh number of 4.5 M and the low Reynolds number SST k-ω turbulence model were chosen. The solution of the governing equations and the acquisition of the numerical results were executed by the commercial software FLUENT 2020 R1.

The numerical results indicate that there is a heat transfer deterioration (HTD) potential for the upper wall, lower wall and sidewall with the decrease of mass flux. Due to wall conduction, the distribution of the fluid temperature at spanwise-normal planes becomes uniform and this feature also takes advantage of the relatively uniform transverse velocity. For the streamwise-normal planes, the low fluid temperature appears close to the upper wall at the region near the sidewall and vice versa for the region near the centre. Undoubtedly, the secondary flow at the cross-section plays a crucial role in this process and the relatively cool mainstream is affected by the vortices.

This study warns that the wall conduction must be considered in the practical design and thermal optimization due to the sensibility of thermo-physical properties to the heat flux. The secondary flow caused by the buoyancy force (gravity) plays a significant role in the supercritical heat transfer and mixed convection heat transfer should be further studied.