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Risk is inherent in every construction project, especially complex projects like high rise buildings. It is helpful to understand the significant risks in order to anticipate their possible negative effects on projects. This research identifies, ranks and categorizes high potential risks in high rise building projects in Jakarta. Questionnaire surveys and interviews were conducted on engineers from contracting firms in the city. The result shows that risks related to management and design are the most significant in high rise construction projects. It is also shown that client interference should be avoided or reduced in tandem with good communication and teamwork between contractors and consultants to minimize defects. Contractors also need to give attention to the maintenance of equipment in order to sustain high productivity levels.

Care to an older person is provided based on the care plan that was made by a care manager. Therefore, to improve the quality of elderly care, the quality of the care plan must first be improved. Care managers make care plans considering the physical and mental attributes of the elderly. But, as matters stand, these plans are based on the experience of care managers. Therefore, a framework that can support making appropriate care plans is called for. In order to m ake appropriate care plans, it is neccessary to clarify the relation between the attributes of the elderly and the care that should be provided. In this paper, data from a large‐scale investigation of the actual elderly care are analyzed and a process model for deciding the care is proposed. The model provides the necessary basis for what factors must be considered and how the care should be determined.