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This paper aims to develop a framework that could establish and further the terminology of smart city/resilient city discourse in that resilience could support urban “smartness”, a term that is widely argued being not easily measured nor quantifiably assessed.

The qualitative approach was employed, and based on selected keywords, a systematic literature review was carried out to understand the main themes within the smart city and resilient city concepts databases. Upon screening, 86 papers were used and synthesised through the meta-synthesis method using both synthesis approach, meta-aggregation and meta-ethnography that systematically identifies both properties and characteristics, to build an innovative framework as an indicator-based smart/resilience quantification model.

Two novel frameworks are proposed, smart resilient city (SRC) and resilient smart city (RSC), as guidelines regulatory that establish a city's smartness and resilience.

The quantitative research phase is not provided as the framework builds on the exploratory approach in which the model is proposed through the postulation of data definitions.

Although the study's scope was limited to the city, proposed frameworks may be interpreted for other contexts that deal with the topic of resilience and smart.

The established framework proposal would encourage further exploration in context, serving as an inspiration for other scholars, decision-makers, as well as municipalities to keep strengthening smart city through resilience factors.

Integration of city systems is needed to provide flexibility, agility and access to real-time information for the creation and delivery of efficient services in a smart and sustainable city. Consequently, City Process Modelling (CPMo) becomes an essential element of connecting various city sectors. However, to date, there has been limited research on the requirements of an ideal CPMo approach and the usefulness of available Business Process Modelling (BPMo) approaches. This research develops a framework for CPMo to guide smart city developers when modelling city processes.

Data from literature analysis was gathered to derive capabilities of existing BPMo techniques. Then, semi-structured interviews were conducted to thematically and qualitatively explore the requirements, challenges and success factors of CPMo.

The interview findings offered 17 requirements to be addressed by a CPMo approach, along with several challenges and success factors to be considered when implementing CPMo approaches. Then, the paper presents the results of mapping these requirements against 12 existing BPMo capabilities, identified from the literature, concluding that a significant number of requirements (which are mainly related to inputs and visualisation) have been left unfulfilled by existing BPMo approaches. Hence, developing an innovative CPMo approach is necessary to address the components of unfulfilled requirements.

The innovative framework presented in this paper justifies the CPMo requirements, which are unexplored in existing SCD frameworks. Moreover, it will act as a guide for smart city developers, to model cross-sectoral city processes, helping them progress their SCD road map and make their cities smart.

In this study, the deployment of an integrated Quality Function Deployment (QFD) decision framework is presented to help cities design targeted strategies to become “smart”. Arguably smart cities leverage advanced technologies to enhance their smartness to improve everyday urban life. To this end, a QFD – Analytic Hierarchy Process – Analytic Network Process (QFD-AHP-ANP) framework is proposed to deliver guidance for selecting the appropriate mix of smart technologies based on the specific smart needs of each city.

The AHP and ANP methods are incorporated into QFD to enhance its methodological robustness in formulating the decision problem. AHP accurately captures and translates the “Voice of the Experts” into prioritized “Smart City” dimensions, while establishing inter-relationships between these dimensions and “Smart City Technologies”. Meanwhile, ANP explores tradeoffs among the technologies, enabling well-informed decisions. The framework’s effectiveness is evaluated through an illustrative application in the city of Thessaloniki.

Applying the framework to this real-world context confirms its practicality and utility, demonstrating its ability to particularize local, social, political, environmental and economic trends through the resulting mix of technologies in smart urban development strategies.

The importance of this study lies in several aspects. Firstly, it introduces a novel QFD decision framework tailored for smart city strategic planning. Secondly, it contributes to the operationalization of the smart city concept by providing guidance for cities to effectively adopt smart technologies. Finally, this study represents a new field of application for QFD, expanding its scope beyond its traditional domains.

Smart Heritage is a recently established discourse that entwines smartness and the heritage discipline. Studies have shown that place identity is at the core of value-based frameworks of built heritage. This study aims to unveil the role of identity in existing Smart Heritage frameworks, which is currently a gap in existing research.

To better understand place identity in the Smart Heritage context and facilitate future framework establishments, this study uses a cross-case analysis method to scrutinise common trends in the identity development of seven current best practices.

The results show that current best practices involve smart technologies in sustaining or rebuilding heritage identities, mostly mapped on the local scale. Catered solutions are essential in this context due to historic cities’ variegated pursuits of identity. Most current Smart Heritage projects are at the transitioning stage from digital to smart, as the autonomous ability of smart innovations is yet to be fully realised on the city or the global scale. Researchers are encouraged to draw essence from existing heritage frameworks considering the built heritage’s place identity, which is at the core of culturally sustainable Smart Heritage transitions.

This study concludes with five recommendations for addressing heritage identity in Smart Heritage frameworks, targeting future research avenues. Also, this study furthers the discussion on the linkage of Smart Heritage, place identity and marketing strategy, contributing to the city branding and tourism management field. Future research should extend the case-study selection beyond Europe, which is a recognised limitation of this study.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic literature review on the technological aspects of smart cities and to give insights about current trends, sources of research, contributing authors and countries. It is required to understand technical concepts like information technology, big data analytics, Internet of Things and blockchain needed to implement smart city models successfully.

The data were collected from the Scopus database, and analysis techniques like bibliometric analysis, network analysis and content analysis were used to obtain research trends, publications growth, top contributing authors and nations in the domain of smart cities. Also, these analytical techniques identified various fields within the literature on smart cities and supported to design a conceptual framework for Industry 4.0 adoption in a smart city.

The bibliometric analysis shows that research publications have increased significantly over the last couple of years. It has found that developing countries like China is leading the research on smart cities. The network analytics and article classification identified six domains within the literature on smart cities. A conceptual framework for the smart city has proposed for the successful implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies.

This paper explores the role of Industry 4.0 technologies in smart cities. The bibliometric data on publications from the year 2013 to 2018 were used and investigated by using advanced analytical techniques. The paper reviewS key technical concepts for the successful execution of a smart city model. It also gives an idea about various technical considerations required for the implementation of the smart city model through a conceptual framework.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the significance of the internet of things (IoT) system for smart cities and deliberate on the technological aspects involved in developing smart cities along with the framework, impact and benefits of IoT for smart cities.

This research is based on the review and synthesis of the papers on the broader areas of IoT for the application and implication towards the smart cities. The prime focus of this paper is to realize the IoT systems for smart city’s development and implementation of various technologies in the context of the Indian environment.

The outcome of the paper explores the highlights of the importance of the IoT system, including the technological framework, impact and benefits for smart cities. The outcome also highlights the application of IoT for smart cities. This paper provides direction regarding future degrees, potential conceivable outcomes and issues concerning the technological side of smart cities. IoT can change the lives of the people and support evolving urban areas for developing smart cities in India.

The paper deliberates on the novel techno-managerial approach towards the endeavour of smart cities using the IoT.

With the advancement in technology, the day-to-day life of people has gone through an immense transformation. The use of smart devices for day-to-day life is greater than before, and people are moving towards smart work rather than doing hard work. In this paper, a novel framework is proposed named Online Service Provider in Metro City (OSPMC) for IoT. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical framework for the E-Government in order to sustain or minimize the unemployment rate.

The utilization of the Web in the upcoming years would create further opportunities for smart work. Internet of Things (IoT) plays an essential part in a system of multiple networks that aims to connect all things in the world that are capable of being connected through the internet. OSPMC framework can be developed on ASP.NET through (visual C#) 3.0 and Microsoft SQL Server with frontend and backend languages, respectively, under a web-based environment built on .Net platform. This lucrative facility is available mainly for the people living in the smart city.

Rural people are coming to smart cities in search of jobs, better education and a healthy lifestyle. India is also coping up with the modern world. The Government of India has taken an initiative for the making of 100 smart cities where the residents are relied upon to use Information and Communication Technology with the assistance of web.

OSPMC promises to eliminate multiple evils like social injustice, crime, unemployment, tax fraud and would promote women empowerment. Also, provide opportunities to start-ups in order to grow and enhance their skill work.

The objective of OSPMC can be found useful for opening new job opportunities for urban/rural people while also encouraging people to learn skill work. For smart cities’ success in developing nations, it is important to recognize the elements influencing it. The motivation behind OSPMC is to identify those variables influencing the successful usage of allowing IoT in the smart cities by E-Government of India and to use IoT to help urban smart cities.

The objective of this research work is to design a data-based solution for administering traffic organization in a smart city by using the machine learning algorithm.

A machine learning framework for managing traffic infrastructure and air pollution in urban centers relies on a predictive analytics model. The model makes use of transportation data to predict traffic patterns based on the information gathered from numerous sources within the city. It can be promoted for strategic planning determination. The data features volume and calendar variables, including hours of the day, week and month. These variables are leveraged to identify time series-based seasonal patterns in the data. To achieve accurate traffic volume forecasting, the long short-term memory (LSTM) method is recommended.

The study has produced a model that is appropriate for the transportation sector in the city and other innovative urban applications. The findings indicate that the implementation of smart transportation systems enhances transportation and has a positive impact on air quality. The study's results are explored and connected to practical applications in the areas of air pollution control and smart transportation.

The present paper has created the machine learning framework for the transportation sector of smart cities that achieves a reasonable level of accuracy. Additionally, the paper examines the effects of smart transportation on both the environment and supply chain.

The goals of the contemporary environment in this new era of the Internet of Things (IoT), digital technologies (DTs) and smartisation are to enhance economic, social and environmental sustainability while also concentrating on the citizens' quality of life. As these initiatives advance, more determination is required to offer effective approaches to the problem posed by the accomplishment of the Sustainable City Project in Nigeria as a developing nation. To address these problems and facilitate the process for Nigeria's major cities to become ‘smart cities’, universities, research institutions and other stakeholders must collaborate alongside. This chapter aims to establish a model or framework that addresses urban intelligence, social inclusion, resilience and technological innovation, mobility, urbanisation and residents' quality of life. The reviews of the characteristics and management of smart cities in developed countries were documented to serve as a comparison study of the cities in African sub-Saharan regions. This will assist in building models that can produce predictions about possible smart solutions in the areas of mobility, urban infrastructure and ecological problems brought on by climate change in African cities. This chapter brings attention to the body of knowledge by envisioning the benefits to the government and citizens in making appropriate decisions to enhance sustainable development, a better resilience environment, improved infrastructure, smart city environments and residents' quality of life. The study's implications centre on how the government could prioritise urban features and services as indicated in the smart cities framework.