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The recent advancement in gait analysis combines internet of things that provides better observations of person living behavior. The biomechanical model used for elderly and physically challenged persons is related to gait-related parameters, and the accuracy of the existing systems significantly varies according to different person abilities and their challenges. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Deployment of wearable sensors in gait analysis provides a better solution while tracking the changes of the personal style, and this proposed model uses an electronics system using force sensing resistor and body sensors.

Experimental results provide an average gait recognition of 95 percent compared to the existing neural network-based gait analysis model based on the walking speeds and threshold values.

The sensors are used to monitor and update the predicted values of a person for analysis. Using IoT a communication process is performed in the research work by identifying a physically challenged person even in crowded areas.

In cultivation, early harvest offers farmers an opportunity to increase production while decreasing the chances of lower crop production rates, ensuring that the economy remains balanced. The significant reason is to predict the disease in plants and distinguish the type of syndrome with the help of segmentation and random forest optimization classification. In this investigation, the accurate prior phase of crop imagery has been collected from different datasets like cropscience, yesmodes and nelsonwisc . In the current study, the real-time earlier state of crop images has been gathered from numerous data sources similar to crop_science, yes_modes, nelson_wisc dataset.

In this research work, random forest machine learning-based persuasive plants healthcare computing is provided. If proper ecological care is not applied to early harvesting, it can cause diseases in plants, decrease the cropping rate and less production. Until now different methods have been developed for crop analysis at an earlier stage, but it is necessary to implement methods to advanced techniques. So, the detection of plant diseases with the help of threshold segmentation and random forest classification has been involved in this investigation. This implemented design is verified on Python 3.7.8 software for simulation analysis.

In this work, different methods are developed for crops at an earlier stage, but more methods are needed to implement methods with prior stage crop harvesting. Because of this, a disease-finding system has been implemented. The methodologies like “Threshold segmentation” and RFO classifier lends 97.8% identification precision with 99.3% real optimistic rate, and 59.823 peak signal-to-noise (PSNR), 0.99894 structure similarity index (SSIM), 0.00812 machine squared error (MSE) values are attained.

The implemented machine learning design is outperformance methodology, and they are proving good application detection rate.

In recent times, fuzzy logic is gaining more and more attention, and this is because of the capability of understanding the functioning of the system as per human knowledge-based system. The main contribution of the work is dynamically adapting the important parameters throughout the execution of the flower pollination algorithm (FPA) using concepts of fuzzy logic. By adapting the main parameters of the metaheuristics, the performance and accuracy of the metaheuristic have been improving in a varied range of applications.

The fuzzy logic-based parameter adaptation in the FPA is proposed. In addition, type-2 fuzzy logic is used to design fuzzy inference system for dynamic parameter adaptation in metaheuristics, which can help in eliminating uncertainty and hence offers an attractive improvement in dynamic parameter adaption in metaheuristic method, and, in reality, the effectiveness of the interval type-2 fuzzy inference system (IT2 FIS) has shown to provide improved results as matched to type-1 fuzzy inference system (T1 FIS) in some latest work.

One case study is considered for testing the proposed approach in a fault tolerant control problem without faults and with partial loss of effectiveness of main actuator fault with abrupt and incipient nature. For comparison between the type-1 fuzzy FPA and interval type-2 fuzzy FPA is presented using statistical analysis which validates the advantages of the interval type-2 fuzzy FPA. The statistical Z-test is presented for comparison of efficiency between two fuzzy variants of the FPA optimization method.

The main contribution of the work is a dynamical adaptation of the important parameters throughout the execution of the flower pollination optimization algorithm using concepts of type-2 fuzzy logic. By adapting the main parameters of the metaheuristics, the performance and accuracy of the metaheuristic have been improving in a varied range of applications.