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The paper focuses on bridging the existing literature gap on the role of leadership in influencing employee engagement considering the advancement in technologies. With this, the author explores how the three critical elements of service-based companies' business environment-artificial intelligence (AI) success, employee engagement, and leadership are interlinked and are valuable for raising the engagement level of employees.

A purposive sampling strategy was used to select the employees working in the respective companies. The survey was distributed to 150 senior management employees but responses were received from only 56 employees making the response rate 37.33%. Consequently, an empirical examination of these 56 senior management employees belonging to service-based companies based in Delhi NCR using a survey questionnaire was conducted.

The PLS-SEM (partial least squares structured equation modelling) revealed that AI has a positive role in affecting employee engagement levels and confirmed the mediation of leadership. The magnitude of the indirect effect was negative leading to a reduction in total effect magnitude; however, as the indirect effect model has a higher R square value, the inclusion of a mediating variable made the model more effective.

This study contributes to extending the existing knowledge of the academicians about the relationship theory of leadership, AI implementation in organizations, AI association with leadership and AI impact on employee engagement. The author extends the theoretical understanding by showing that more integration of AI-supported leadership could enable organizations to enhance employee experience and motivate them to be engaged. Despite its relevance, due to the limited sample size, focus on a specific geographic area (Delhi NCR) and the constraint of only using quantitative analysis, the findings open the scope for future research in the form of qualitative and longitudinal studies to identify AI-supported leadership roles.

The study findings are beneficial majorly for organizations to provide them with more in-depth information about the role of AI and leadership style in influencing employee engagement. The identified linkage enables the managers of the company to design more employee-tailored strategies for targeting their engagement level and enhancing the level of productivity of employees. Moreover, AI-supported leadership helps raise the productivity of employees by amplifying their intelligence without making technology a replacement for human resources and also reducing the turnover rate of employees due to the derivation of more satisfaction from existing jobs. Thus, given the economic benefit and societal benefits, the study is relevant.

The existing studies focused on the direct linkage between AI and employee engagement or including artificial intelligence as a mediating variable. The role of leadership is not evaluated. The leadership enables supporting the easy integration of AI in the organization; therefore, it has an important role in driving employee engagement. This study identifies the contribution of leadership in organizations by providing the means of enhancing employee satisfaction without hampering the social identity of the company due to the integration of AI.

Women's empowerment plays a pivotal role in achieving sustainable and sustainable development in developed and developing contexts. The present paper explores the effect of technology orientation (TO), entrepreneurial orientation (EO), and digital technology self-efficacy (DTSE) on digital innovation (DI) and women's empowerment (WE) among Saudi women.

This is a cross-sectional study which applies a deductive approach. The study collected data from women in Saudi Arabia actively involved in entrepreneurship and utilizing digital technology. The survey questionnaire is used as a prevalent tool to get responses. Finally, the study concludes based on 316 valid samples.

The structural equation modeling through SmartPls4, the results exert an insignificant effect of TO on both DI and women empowerment. The study confirmed a positive significant impact of EO on DI but not on WE. Moreover, the DTSE construct is found to be a significant and robust analyst of DI and WE. With regard to mediating effects, DI mediates the relationship between EO, DTSE and WE, but not between TO and WE.

The study's findings contribute to more comprehensive and effective initiatives that foster innovation, gender equality, and WE in entrepreneurial networks. The study would assist policymakers and planners in developing robust strategies focusing on digitalization to boost DI and WE through enhanced DTSE. The study would also offer guidelines for policymakers to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) generally and specifically for Saudi Vision 2030, which is particularly ambitious to promote WE.

The study fills the gaps by offering a bunch of predictors, i.e., TO, EO, DTSE and DI, which predict WE in the Saudi context.

Nowadays, the tourism industry is considered the largest and most diverse industry in the world, which can play a significant role in the economic growth and development of a country as the main source of income and employment. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to focus on evaluating the competitiveness indicators of Shiraz city tourism destination based on a combined model.

For this purpose, a questionnaire with 78 questions was used to evaluate the indicators, in which a total of 1,432 tourists participated, including 927 domestic tourists and 505 international tourists. The collected data were analyzed to determine the hierarchical relationship between the indicators using equation structural modeling.

The research findings indicate that the most effective and influential indicators in the field of tourism competitiveness are natural and handmade resources, and the most influential factors are demand conditions and cultural and natural resources. In this hierarchy, each factor affects its previous level and influences the next level.

This study offers significant potential for uncovering credible and robust approaches to further investigate the contextualization of tourism competitiveness on both national and international scales, thereby generating valuable new insights. By conceptualizing the diverse dimensions of tourism competitiveness and delving into the variations in its impacts across multiple levels, this research not only challenges existing notions but also aids destinations in maintaining and enhancing their market position and share over time. This study offers valuable insights and practical implications for both researchers and practitioners in the field of urban tourism. It enhances the understanding of destination competitiveness, informs policy decisions, facilitates benchmarking and best practices, guides strategic decision-making and promotes sustainable tourism development.

Digitalization, financial technologies and the internet have rapidly advanced the business ecosystem posing a disruptive threat to how operations are fundamentally performed. Global hospitality and tourism companies face this challenge and have been early adopters in this field. This study aims to examine the role of blockchain technology in strengthening the marketing mix (product, price, place and promotion) and the its related impacts on the tourism industry.

This research adopts a systematic literature review approach to synthesize and assess the literature published on blockchain in tourism and tends to build a conceptual framework that depicts the relationships between different constructs.

The results show a lot of interest in using blockchain technology due to numerous advantages to tourism industry. This innovative technology can change this sector radically; assist small economies in strengthening and transitioning to the level of developed economies; and assist tourism companies in eliminating corruption, establishing a secure network and promoting equality between small and large entities.

Through industry examples demonstrating real-life use cases such as startups operating on the application of blockchain in tourism, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is a first attempt to draw the impact of blockchain technology on product, price, place, promotion (4Ps) in tourism sector. The proposed nine relationships can facilitate the future researchers in advancing the state-of-art on how blockchain-based technologies can shape the customers experience through promoting confidentiality, co-creation and effective destination planning.