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Article
Publication date: 6 August 2024

Md Akhtaruzzaman, Hormoz Ahmadi, Wendy James and Ratan Ghosh

Our study aims to investigate the learning effectiveness of business schools in Australia using the framework of authentic learning. Additionally, it proposes the acceptability of…

Abstract

Purpose

Our study aims to investigate the learning effectiveness of business schools in Australia using the framework of authentic learning. Additionally, it proposes the acceptability of authentic learning measures within the Australian context.

Design/methodology/approach

A structured questionnaire was used to assess the efficacy of authentic learning constructs across different time frames from January 2021 to July 2022. Relevant measurements were employed to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity scales used to measure authentic learning experiences.

Findings

The results indicate that all nine dimensions (constructs) of authentic learning have statistical significance in assessing learning outcomes in Australian business schools. No variability in the significance of the constructs across different time frames was observed, demonstrating the robustness of the results.

Practical implications

Our study offers valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and corporate recruiters by highlighting the development of authentic learning capabilities in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Australia. This approach can enhance academic development through industry-academia collaboration, reducing the gap between education and industry needs, and producing market leaders for sustainable economic development.

Originality/value

This study is a novel attempt to evaluate authentic learning scales in Australian HEIs, specifically within business schools, and to assess how academic practices align with recruiters' expectations.

Details

Journal of Accounting Literature, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-4607

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 15 July 2020

Ratan Ghosh, Kanon Kumar Sen and Farzana Riva

Over the last ten years (2010–2019), the amount of nonperforming loans (NPLs) has been more than tripled in the banking industry of Bangladesh. Thus, this paper explores the…

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Abstract

Purpose

Over the last ten years (2010–2019), the amount of nonperforming loans (NPLs) has been more than tripled in the banking industry of Bangladesh. Thus, this paper explores the behavioral dimensions, which contribute to the NPLs.

Design/methodology/approach

By analyzing social, cultural, psychological, political, economic, internal control mechanism and law enforcement contexts of Bangladesh, this study identifies nepotism (NE), moral hazard (MH ), inadequate collateral (IC), poor credit assessment (CA), lack of proper monitoring (LPM), repayment flexibility (RF), business risk (BR) and lending interest rate (LIR) as the catalysts of raising NPLs. Next, a structured questionnaire survey has been performed in Bangladesh among bank officials who closely work in credit risk management, credit supervision, corporate finance and loan recovery department. Finally, partial least squares (PLS) path modeling, a variance-based technique of structural equation modeling, is used in this study as a statistical tool to analyze the data.

Findings

This study finds that moral hazard problem, lack of proper monitoring, inadequate collateral and nepotism have significant positive impact on the raising of NPLs. Unfortunately, this study does not find any statistical significance of poor credit assessment, business risk and repayment flexibility on the NPLs in Bangladesh. Finally, this study reveals that lending interest rate has significant positive impact on the NPLs. Hence, this study concludes that domestic lending interest rate is not lower enough, and so this double-digit interest rate affects negatively to loan repayment.

Research limitations/implications

This study concludes that moral hazard problem of borrower, lack of board independence, lack of proper monitoring, form and extent of collateral, management lobbying, indecorous personal guarantee by management, dependent-independent directors and nepotism are extensively contributing for occurring NPLs in Bangladesh. These noninstitutionalized stimulators should adequately be scrutinized by regulatory bodies, policy makers and banks. Besides, LIR needs to be decreased in a convenient level for mitigating NPLs.

Originality/value

This study is the empirical evidence of behavioral dimensions related with the growth of NPLs in Bangladesh by taking direct response from knowledgeable bankers.

Details

Asian Journal of Accounting Research, vol. 5 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2443-4175

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 6 September 2023

Ratan Ghosh

This study aims to examine the investor's level of financial literacy and their attitude toward making any investment decision in the Bangladeshi capital market.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the investor's level of financial literacy and their attitude toward making any investment decision in the Bangladeshi capital market.

Design/methodology/approach

To measure the level of financial literacy of an individual investor, three variables have been used – financial knowledge, financial behavior and financial attitude. It also considers investment opportunity as a moderator variable to assess the effect of market-specific characteristics on financial literacy. Data have been collected through a structured questionnaire from 152 retail investors of the Dhaka Stock Exchange and Chittagong Stock Exchange. Smart-PLS 3.3 was used for analyzing the set of hypotheses for examining the relationships in the study.

Findings

Results found that financial attitude and financial behavior have a positive and significant relationship with investment decisions. Further evidence shows that investment opportunity moderates the relationship between financial attitude and financial behavior. This indicates that equity investors are suffering from market inefficiency and cannot ensure wealth maximization.

Research limitations/implications

Regulators should focus not only on financial literacy programs but also on market discipline, accountability and performance. This will encourage investors to invest their money wisely and independently.

Originality/value

The study adds value to the capital market literature in two ways. First, it investigates the success of financial literacy programs in Bangladesh to resolve the behavioral bias issue among investors, which used to affect their returns negatively. Second, the study introduces a very new and relevant variable as a moderator in the context of Bangladesh. Investment opportunity is a moderating variable developed from the efficient market hypothesis. Results reveal that investors are somehow financially literate over time, which can be a positive attribute for controlling behavioral bias. However, market inefficiency, corporate corruption, financial crime, insider trading and information asymmetry hamper the regular growth of the market. Hence, equity investors are unable to ensure wealth maximization in Bangladesh, where this kind of problem exists.

Details

Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2514-9342

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 1 September 2022

Asia Khatun, Ratan Ghosh and Sadman Kabir

This study aims to determine the number of companies involved in earnings manipulation. Additionally, this study has empirically investigated the common manipulation items among…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to determine the number of companies involved in earnings manipulation. Additionally, this study has empirically investigated the common manipulation items among the companies.

Design/methodology/approach

Bangladesh's listed commercial banks are selected as a sample for this study, and financial data from 2009 to 2018 were collected. The likely and nonlikely manipulator Beneish model (1999) divides the sample into two groups. Based on the M-score of the model, the banks are put into two groups. To identify the most influential variables, an independent sample t-test was done with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Findings

The findings show that banks in Bangladesh have an unstable trend in making manipulated financial reports. Results of the t-test reveal that overstating revenues, increasing intangible assets, lessening cost and accruals are the most appealing items for preparing a fraudulent financial report. The findings of this research work will help the investors take the right decision having the idea of manipulation in the banking sector of Bangladesh.

Originality/value

In the presence of many irregularities in the banking sector Bangladesh, very few studies have been carried out in forensic accounting and fraudulent financial reporting practices. Much research has focused on earnings management techniques. This research specifically focuses on identifying earnings manipulation in financial statements for micro-level variables like accounting accruals, intangible assets, etc. This will help policy-makers and financial statement readers to be proactive while reading financial statements and taking any investment decision.

Details

Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, vol. 40 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1985-9899

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 26 November 2021

Reajmin Sultana, Ratan Ghosh and Kanon Kumar Sen

To investigate the consequence of COVID-19 pandemic on the financial reporting and disclosure (FRD) practices, the study has been conducted. Moreover, this paper highlights the…

17048

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the consequence of COVID-19 pandemic on the financial reporting and disclosure (FRD) practices, the study has been conducted. Moreover, this paper highlights the significance of FRD practices in any emergency period and its relevance with legitimacy theory in Bangladesh Perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

The COVID-19 pandemic has adverse impact on business. Hence, all the business activities have been categorized into five major aspects which are financial factors, business operations, business contracts, business value and stakeholders. These five major activities have been considered as independent variable. By analyzing various policy recommendations and guidelines of global and local accounting bodies, a structured questionnaire was developed in association with related IAS and IFRSs. Then, it was distributed among the accounting professionals of Bangladesh who are currently engaged in financial statement preparation and auditing services. Finally, data was analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothetical relationship between dependent variable and independent variable.

Findings

This study finds that financial factors, business contracts and stakeholders have significant relationship with the financial reporting and disclosure practices during the COVID-19 pandemic period. However, business operation and business value have no significant relationship with financial reporting and disclosure practices.

Research limitations/implications

This study tries to analyze why and how firms should disclose essential information (both financial and non-financial) to the financial statement users during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study can be used as benchmark to issue a separate policy or standard for reporting any kind of adverse event in the financial reporting and disclosure practices.

Originality/value

To our best knowledge, we believe that this is first kind of study undertaken to investigate the consequence of COVID-19 pandemic on the FRD practices in the context of Bangladesh. This study is kind of exploratory in nature. Hence, future studies can explore industry-based financial reporting and disclosure practice in any pandemic period.

Details

Asian Journal of Economics and Banking, vol. 6 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2615-9821

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 9 September 2022

Ratan Ghosh, Asia Khatun and Zobaida Khanam

The closure of educational institutions in the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the global teaching and learning landscape. Face-to-face classroom activity has been shifted to online…

Abstract

Purpose

The closure of educational institutions in the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the global teaching and learning landscape. Face-to-face classroom activity has been shifted to online classroom activity. This study aims to investigate the effect of social media-based education on students’ academic performance during the pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

This study analyzes the perceptions of 302 university-going students of Bangladesh using structural equation modeling.

Findings

Results show that Facebook features, perceived usefulness and personal tutorial have a positive and significant relationship with the use of social media (USM). Furthermore, the USM has a positive and significant relationship with the academic performance of the university-going students of Bangladesh during the pandemic.

Research limitations/implications

This research has considered the social media usage of university students during the pandemic for academic purposes. This study has not considered income group, technical literacy and device availability of the students. Therefore, the findings may not be generalized to all classes of society.

Practical implications

This study validates that the USM can ensure good academic performance by engaging students through collaboration and attention.

Originality/value

Diffusion of knowledge and interactive face-to-face learning procedures have faced a massive loss because of this COVID-19 pandemic. Easiness in the mode of teaching technique can be a precondition for its acceptance among the students. As the impact of social media on academic performance in this pandemic context has remained unexplained, this study is designed to focus on this emerging issue.

Details

Quality Assurance in Education, vol. 31 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0968-4883

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 8 October 2021

Rifat Fariha, Md. Mukarrom Hossain and Ratan Ghosh

This study is designed and directed to analyze the effect of board characteristics and audit committee attributes on the firm performance of publicly listed commercial banks of…

11951

Abstract

Purpose

This study is designed and directed to analyze the effect of board characteristics and audit committee attributes on the firm performance of publicly listed commercial banks of Bangladesh.

Design/methodology/approach

Thirty publicly listed commercial banks of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) have been taken as sample for this study. Data have been collected from annual reports between 2011 and 2017 of the assessed banks. Pooled OLS model has been used for running regression model of this study.

Findings

Board independence has a negative and significant relationship with ROA and Tobin's Q. However, Board Independence has a positive and significant relationship with Stock Return. On the other hand, Board Diversity has a negative and significant relationship with ROA and ROE, which implies inefficiency of diversified board members in the context of Bangladesh. Family duality has a positive and significant relationship with ROA and a negative and significant relationship with Stock return. Board Meeting has a positive and significant relationship with ROA. Audit Committee Size has a negative and significant relationship with Tobins' Q. Independence of audit committee chairman has a negative and significant relationship with Tobin's Q and Stock Returns. Presence of non-executive directors and number of audit meetings have no significant relationship with any of the predicted variables.

Research limitations/implications

Among all variables of the board characteristics, role of independent directors and participation of female directors have conflicting results in this study. This has raised a question about the fair appointment independent directors and their objective view on the board. Female directors' role is not convincing in the context of Bangladesh as most of the commercial banks are family-owned. Policymakers can tighten and supervise the appointment of independent directors to ensure good governance in the banking sector. Moreover, role of audit committee and independence of audit committee chairman have generated conflicting results in terms of market-based performance measure.

Originality/value

Banking sector of Bangladesh experiences huge corruption in the form of excessive NPLs and poor management quality which results in low profit for the firm. This study has explored the problems of management quality and flaws of audit committee which is hampering overall growth of banking industry. Improvement of independent directors' appointment and audit committee formation and reporting will certainly help banking industry of Bangladesh to improve overall performance.

Details

Asian Journal of Accounting Research, vol. 7 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2443-4175

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 July 2024

Azharul Islam, Ratan Ghosh, Md Kaysher Hamid and Sadman Kabir

This study aims to measure the impact of sustainable production and distribution processes on the sustainability performance in the pharmaceutical sector of Bangladesh based on…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to measure the impact of sustainable production and distribution processes on the sustainability performance in the pharmaceutical sector of Bangladesh based on triple bottom line (TBL) approach.

Design/methodology/approach

It measures sustainable manufacturing and distribution practices with three dimensions namely: sustainable production process, sustainable supply chain management and sustainable end-life management, whereas sustainability performance is measured with three important aspects of performance measurement of TBL, namely social, environmental and financial performance. A survey questionnaire has been designed to collect data relating to sustainability practices and sustainability performance of listed pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh. The data have been analyzed with the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) to investigate the relationship between sustainable production and distribution practices and economic, environmental and social performances.

Findings

The findings show that a sustainable production process has a positive impact on environmental and economic performance, but sustainable supply chain management has a significant impact only on economic performance. Whereas sustainable end-life management has a significant impact on both environmental and social performance but not on the financial performance of the industry. Although the current findings contradict some of the previous outcomes, the results can still be robust in the context of Bangladesh.

Practical implications

It is expected that the findings of the study might provide new insights into the sustainability initiatives of the manufacturing companies of Bangladesh. The study findings can help policymakers in implementing the sustainability agenda of the United Nations.

Originality/value

The pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh has a significant contribution to the foreign earnings of the country. But the introduction of sustainable development goals (SDGs) criteria has forced the industry to redesign its production and operation systems. While numerous studies have investigated the individual components of the TBL in the developed country context, the dynamics of an emerging economy like Bangladesh have been overlooked. By focusing specifically on Bangladesh, a country with a promising pharmaceutical sector handling unique socioeconomic and environmental challenges, the current study fills a considerable gap in the existing sustainability literature.

Details

Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2514-9342

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 16 February 2021

Ratan Ghosh and Farjana Nur Saima

The purpose of this study is to analyze and forecast the financial sustainability and resilience of commercial banks of Bangladesh in response to the negative effects of COVID-19…

8693

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to analyze and forecast the financial sustainability and resilience of commercial banks of Bangladesh in response to the negative effects of COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

Eighteen publicly listed commercial banks of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) have been taken as a sample for this study. To measure the riskiness of banks' credit portfolio, nine industries of DSE have been considered to determine probable loss of revenue arising from the COVID-19 pandemic shock. Moreover, two commonly used multiple-criteria-decision-making (MCDM) tools namely TOPSIS method and HELLWIG method have been used for analyzing the data.

Findings

Based on the performance scores under TOPSIS and HELLWIG method, banks are categorized into three groups (six banks each) namely top resilient, moderate resilient and low resilient. It is found that EBL and DBBL are the most resilient banks, and ONEBANK is the worst resilient bank in Bangladesh in managing the COVID-19 pandemic shock.

Research limitations/implications

This study concludes that banks with low capital adequacy, low liquidity ratio, low performance and higher NPLs are more vulnerable to the shocks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The management of commercial banks should emphasize on maintaining higher capital base and reducing default loans.

Originality/value

Resilience of the Bangladeshi banking sector under any adverse economic event has been examined by only using stress testing approach. This study is empirical evidence where both TOPSIS and HELLWIG MCDM methods have been used to make the result conclusive.

Details

Asian Journal of Accounting Research, vol. 6 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2443-4175

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 April 2021

Shah Md Taha Islam, Ratan Ghosh and Asia Khatun

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether financial resource allocation decisions for corporate social responsibility (CSR) depends on slack resources and free cash flow.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether financial resource allocation decisions for corporate social responsibility (CSR) depends on slack resources and free cash flow.

Design/methodology/approach

The study's sample consists of 202 company-year observations from 51 financial institutions over the period 2015–2019. The authors collected CSR data from CSR review reports published by the Central Bank (Bangladesh Bank). The financial and governance data are collected from corporate annual reports and year-end review reports published by the Dhaka Stock Exchange. This study uses both the random-effect and generalized estimating equation models to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The authors establish two key findings consistent with the predictions of slack resource theory and free cash flow theory. First, the authors find a significant and positive relationship between slack resources and CSR expenditure. This result also supports the traditional thinking about corporate giving – that doing well enables doing good. Second, the author show that increases in free cash flow are associated with increases in CSR expenditure. This indicates the presence of agency problems between managers and shareholders regarding CSR expenditure.

Originality/value

This study is the first to show the positive impacts of slack resources and free cash flow on CSR expenditure in an emerging economy characterized by both capital constraints and high salience of CSR expenditure. The study has important implications for regulators, advocacy groups, shareholders and analysts in emerging economies that share similar contextual characteristics.

Details

Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, vol. 11 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2042-1168

Keywords

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