Search results

The purposes of this paper are to numerically analyse the distribution of the electromagnetic field in the electromagnetic device wherein a high-speed unit exists and to develop a strong tool to analyse the evolution of an electromagnetic field tangled with moving parts.

The precise integration time domain (PITD) method and parameter weighted averaging approximation scheme.

It is shown that that the electromagnetic field in the device is significantly affected by the velocity of the moving unit and the parameters of the base material. The computation resources of the proposed method are saved and the efficiency is enhanced.

The parameter approximation (PA)-PITD method can be an effective and efficient time domain method to analyse the evolution of the electromagnetic field in electromagnetic devices with moving parts and similar problems.

Possibilities for significant reductions in line‐haul rates and improved service are occuring through the development of the unit train principle. In this article the author describes the North American experience with unit trains.

This aircraft, or more exactly this integrated weapons system, is undoubtedly of major importance to both the British aircraft industry and the Royal Air Force. It is beyond question the most exacting project which the British industry has undertaken and as such has demanded adoption of the latest techniques, materials, equipment and management procedures as well as pursuit of research and development programmes on an unprecedented scale. In terms of air power, this system represents a substantial advance on any comparable aircraft or system currently in service and will give the Royal Air Force a strike and reconnaissance capability at high and low level which is possibly unmatched by any other air force in the world. The design philosophy of the TSR‐2 as it applies to an aircraft designed primarily for the high‐speed, low‐level strike/reconnaissance role was described in detail in the December 1963 issue of Aircraft Engineering (Ref. 1) but since that initial appraisal of the TSR‐2 was written some eleven months ago, there has been a gradual release of further information concerning the aircraft, its systems, power plant and equipment. It is the purpose of this article to bring the story up to date in that particular context, although it should be emphasized that the TSR‐2 is still subject to the strictest security embargo and it will be many years before a detailed study of the complete weapons system can be published. It is not intended to cover the same ground as the earlier article (Ref. 1) attempted but, before proceeding to detailed consideration of the systems, a brief overall description of the aircraft is given for the sake of completeness.

THE opening months of the last war were conducted in a very leisurely fashion because the expected disasters had not befallen us. Not until our armies were rescued from the beaches of Dunkirk did the stark realities of the situation percolate into the public mind. Once the facts were understood the whole country was galvanised into activity.

Despite increased interest in headquarters (HQ) and their activities, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the drivers of HQ relocations and their consequences. We seek to address this gap by examining whether HQ relocations are primarily driven by cost-reduction or value-creation motives, whether these motivations vary by HQ type and how these relocation patterns vary over time. We explore these questions on the basis of a unique hand-collected database of 227 HQ relocations in Europe between 2000 and 2012. Our findings illustrate that different types of HQ units play their orchestrating role in different ways and that their relocations are driven by different motives. Furthermore, our data suggest that although all types of HQ units are increasingly mobile, the implications of relocations for the MNC may differ considerably by HQ type. These findings contribute to a more fine-grained understanding of the drivers of HQ relocations and open up various new avenues for future research on HQ relocation and the role of HQ units in the orchestration of MNCs’ internal networks.

In an earlier paper in this Journal the present writer outlined some of the interpersonal factors likely to affect staff specialists' credibility with their clients. These included the specialist's diagnostic ability, his skill in forming multiplex relationships with his clients, the ease with which he coped with the stresses in his role and his facility as a diagnostician and actor in the political arena surrounding any changes he may be recommending. This paper seeks to develop aspects of the political context of the specialist's (or internal consultant's) work by focusing on some of the strategic factors which affect the long term viability of specialist units. A framework is provided which described some of the evolutionary phases specialist groups might go through and practical implications are drawn from this phase model about strategic aspects of the management of specialist activity.

While economic exposure is an important issue for the management of a multinational financial system, few models have been developed to measure this risk. The major challenge to measuring economic exposure is the interdependence of affiliate performances vis‐a‐vis changes in currency values. In this paper, a model has been developed that not only measures the sensitivity of the value of the firm to changes in currency values, but also recognizes the interdependence among the affiliates. The model takes a global view of the problem and also leads to guidelines for managing economic exposure. While the discussion focuses on geographically diversified multinational companies, the content of the paper is equally applicable to domestic companies.

Earlier research highlights the need for the welfare service sector to measure the impacts of their services. However, it seems that the welfare services lack measures to show their long-term effects and impacts. This paper aims to present a framework to measure the multidimensional impacts of welfare service innovations and report the empirical results from two case studies.

In the first part of the paper, the impact measurement literature is reviewed and a framework for measuring the impacts of welfare services is presented. The empirical part of the paper reports the application of the framework in two cases for measuring the impacts of interventions in welfare services in Finland. The aim of the case studies was to assess and illustrate the usefulness of the framework designed.

The framework proposed in the research may serve as a practical tool for decision-makers for assessing the impacts of different services and service innovations in the welfare service sector. This type of assessment is needed, for example, when new service innovations are designed and budgeted for.

This research introduces a framework for measuring the impacts of welfare services at different levels. In addition, the paper provides information about the measurement process and challenges related to the implementation of impact measurement.