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This paper aims to investigate how implying movement in food packaging imagery may affect product liking. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism is investigated by studying the effect of implied motion visuals on design appeal and naturalness perception.

Two packages of pineapple juice were designed in which the implied motion depicted in their imagery was manipulated, and a tasting experiment was conducted in which two samples of the same juice were evaluated.

The results show that the effect of packaging imagery on product liking occurs indirectly through both design appeal and the product naturalness perception. The results of a parallel multiple-mediator analysis show that (1) depicting implied motion made the package be perceived as more appealing, (2) the product corresponding to the package depicting implied motion was perceived as being more natural, and (3) both effects equally contributed to the positive effect of visuals depicting implied motion on product liking.

Overall, these findings widen our understanding of the effects of packaging design on product liking and may help both designers and manufacturers design more appropriate packaging for their products.

The accuracy and reliability of upper limb motion assessment have received great attention in the field of rehabilitation. Grasping test is widely carried out for motion assessment, which requires patients to grasp objects and move them to target place. The traditional assessments test the upper limb motion ability by therapists, which mainly relies on experience and lacks quantitative indicators. This paper aims to propose a deep learning method based on the vision system of our upper limb rehabilitation robot to recognize the motion trajectory of rehabilitation target objects automatically and quantitatively assess the upper limb motion in the grasping test.

To begin with, an SRF network is designed to recognize rehabilitation target objects grasped in assessment tests. Moreover, the upper limb motion trajectory is calculated through the motion of objects’ central positions. After that, a GAE network is designed to analyze the motion trajectory which reflects the motion of upper limb. Finally, based on the upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton platform, the upper limb motion assessment tests are carried out to show the accuracy of both object recognition of SRF network and motion assessment of GAE network. The results including object recognition, trajectory calculation and deviation assessment are given with details.

The performance of the proposed networks is validated by experiments that are developed on the upper limb rehabilitation robot. It is implemented by recognizing rehabilitation target objects, calculating the motion trajectory and grading the upper limb motion performance. It illustrates that the networks, including both object recognition and trajectory evaluation, can grade the upper limb motion functionn accurately, where the accuracy is above 95.0% in different grasping tests.

A novel assessment method of upper limb motion is proposed and verified. According to the experimental results, the accuracy can be remarkably enhanced, and the stability of the results can be improved, which provide more quantitative indicators for further application of upper limb motion assessment.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a motion control method for WFF-AmphiRobot, which can effectively realize the flexible motion of the robot on land, underwater and in the transition zone between land and water.

Based on the dynamics model, the authors selected the appropriate state variables to construct the state space model of the robot and estimated the feedback state of the robot through the maximum a posteriori probability estimation. The nonlinear predictive model controller of the robot is constructed by local linearization of the model to perform closed-loop control on the overall motion of the robot. For the control problem of the terminal trajectory, using the neural rhythmic movement theory in bionics to construct a robot central pattern generator (CPG) for real-time generation of terminal trajectory.

In this paper, the motion state of WFF-AmphiRobot is estimated, and a model-based overall motion controller for the robot and an end-effector controller based on neural rhythm control are constructed. The effectiveness of the controller and motion control algorithm is verified by simulation and physical prototype motion experiments on land and underwater, and the robot can ideally complete the desired behavior.

The paper designed a controller for WFF-AmphiRobot. First, when constructing the robot state estimator in this paper, the robot dynamics model is introduced as the a priori estimation model, and the error compensation of the a priori model is performed by the method of maximum a posteriori probability estimation, which improves the accuracy of the state estimator. Second, for the underwater oscillation motion characteristics of the flipper, the Hopf oscillator is used as the basis, and the flipper fluctuation equation is modified and improved by the CPG signal is adapted to the flipper oscillation demand. The controller effectively controls the position error and heading angle error within the desired range during the movement of the WFF-AmphiRobot.

This paper aims to study the motion trajectory of the oil seal for shaft in eccentric state and derive equation of lip motion trajectory.

This paper analyzes the force during the motion of the eccentric lip by considering the material viscoelasticity, and a cam-plate mechanism is established as an equivalent model for the motion between the shaft and the lip; according to this, the equation of lip motion trajectory is derived.

The trajectory of the lip lags that of the shaft in the eccentric state because the viscoelasticity-affected lip recovery velocity is lower than the shaft recovery speed. The lip trajectory enters the lag phase earlier and the lag phase’s duration is longer with the increase of the eccentricity and rotational speed, because the deviation of the recovery velocities between the lip and the shaft will be exacerbated.

Innovatively, by considering the viscoelasticity of the material, the cam-plate mechanism is used to equivalent the motion of the shaft-lip to derive the equation for the radial motion trajectory of the eccentric lip. The regularity of lip motion is the key to determining the performance of oil seals, and the eccentric lip trajectory research method revealed in this paper provides a research basis for the performance research and optimization of eccentric oil seals.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-06-2023-0161/

The purpose of this paper is to present a comparative study of flight circumstances, dynamic stability characteristics and controllability for two transport aircraft in severe atmospheric turbulence at transonic cruise flight for the purpose to obtain the prevention concepts of injuries to passengers and crew members for pilot training in International Air Transport Association (IATA) – Loss of Control In-flight (LOC-I) program.

A twin-jet and a four-jet transport aircraft encountering severe atmospheric turbulence are the study cases for this paper. The nonlinear unsteady aerodynamic models are established through flight data mining and the fuzzy-logic modeling technique based on the flight data of flight data recorder. This method can be adopted to examine the influence of horizontal wind shear and crosswind on loss of control, dynamic stability characteristics and controllability for transport aircraft in different weights and different sizes in tracking aviation safety of existing different types of aircraft.

The horizontal wind shear or crosswind before the turbulence encounter will easily induce rolling motion and then initiate the sudden plunging motion during the turbulence encounter. The roll rate will increase the oscillatory rolling motion during plunging motion, if the rolling damping is insufficient. The drop-off altitude will be enlarged by the oscillatory rolling motion during the sudden plunging motion.

A lack of the measurement data of vertical wind speed sensor on board to verify the estimated values of damping term is one of the research limitations for this study. The fact or condition of being severe in sudden plunging motion can be judged through the analysis of oscillatory derivatives with both dynamic stability and damping terms.

The roll rate will increase the oscillatory rolling motion during plunging motion, if the rolling damping is insufficient. The drop-off altitude will be enlarged by the oscillatory rolling motion during the sudden plunging motion. The horizontal wind shear or crosswind before the turbulence encounter will easily induce rolling motion and then initiated the sudden plunging motion during the turbulence encounter. If the drift angle is large, to turn off the autopilot of yaw control first and stabilize the rudder by the pedal. When passing through the atmosphere turbulence area, the pilots do not need to amend the heading angle urgently.

The flight safety prevention in avoidance of injuries for passengers and cabin crews is essential for the airlines. The horizontal wind shear or crosswind before the turbulence encounter will easily induce rolling motion and then initiated the sudden plunging motion during the turbulence encounter.

The flight safety prevention in avoidance of injuries for passengers and cabin crews is essential. The present assessment method is an innovation to examine the loss of control problems of aviation safety and promote the understanding of aerodynamic responses of the jet transport aircraft. It is expected to provide a valuable lecture for the international training courses for IATA – LOC-I program after this paper is being published.

The purpose of this study is to calculate the normal force of a two degree of freedom direct drive induction motor considering coupling effects based on an analytical model. Compared with the traditional single degree of freedom motor, normal force characteristics of two-degree-of-freedom direct drive induction motor (2DOFDDIM) is affected by coupling effect when the machine is in a helical motion. To theoretically explain the influence mechanism of coupling effect, this paper conducts a quantitative analysis of the influence of coupling effect on normal force based on the established analytical model of normal force considering coupling effect.

Firstly, the normal forces generated by 2DOFDDIM in linear motion, rotary motion and helical motion are investigated and compared to prove the effect of the coupling effect on the normal force. During this study, several coupling factors are established to modify the calculation equations of the normal force. Then, based on the multilayer theoretical method and Maxwell stress method, a novel normal force calculation model of 2DOFDDIM is established taking the coupling effect into account, which can easily calculate the normal force of 2DOFDDIM under different motions conditions. Finally, the calculation results are verified by the results of 3D finite element model, which proves the correctness of the established calculating model.

The coupling effect produced by the helical motion of 2DOFDDIM affects the normal force.

In this paper, the analytical model of the normal force of 2DOFDDIM considering the coupling effect is established, which provides a fast calculation for the design of the motor.

The purpose of this paper is to perform Shariah review of Brownian motion that is used for prediction of Islamic stock prices and their volatility.

It uses the Shariah compliant development model guidelines to review the Brownian motion and its applications.

The model of Brownian motion does not involve any variable that renders it non-Shariah compliant; neither all applications of Brownian motion are Shariah compliant. Because the model is based on stochastic properties that involve randomness, therefore the issue of gharar takes the utmost important to handle in the applications of the model. The results need to be analyzed strictly in accordance with the Shariah whether they create any element of gharar or uncertainty in case of expected price and volatility estimates.

The research suffers from the limitation that it analyses only one model of physics, i.e. Brownian motion model from Shariah perspective.

The research opens an area for Shariah analysis of results generated from the application of advanced models of physics on matters related to Islamic financial markets.

The originality of this study stems from the fact that to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first study that extends Shariah guidelines into Financial physics for making the foundations of Islamic econophysics.

Compared to quad-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the tilting dual-rotor UAV is more prone to instability during exercises and disturbances. The purpose of this paper is using an active balance tail to enhance the hovering stability and motion smoothness of tilting dual-rotor UAV.

A balance tail is proposed and integrated into the tilting dual-rotor UAV to enhance hovering stability and motion smoothness. By strategically moving, the balance tail generates additional force and moment, which can promote the rapid stability of the UAV. Subsequently, the control strategy of the UAV is designed, and the influence of the swing of the balance tail at different installation positions with different masses on the dual-rotor UAV is analyzed through simulation. The accompany motion law and the active control, which is based on cascade Proportion Integration Differentiation (PID) control to enhance the hovering stability and motion smoothness of the UAV, are proposed.

The results demonstrate that active control has obvious adjustment effectiveness when the UAV moves to the target position or makes an emergency stop compared with the results of balance tail no swing and accompany motion.

The balance tail offers a straightforward means to enhance the motion smoothness of tilting dual-rotor UAV, rendering it safer and more reliable for practical applications.

The novelty of this works comes from the application of an active balance tail to improve the stability and motion smoothness of dual-rotor UAV.

Traditional robot arm trajectory planning methods have problems such as insufficient generalization performance and low adaptability. This paper aims to propose a method to plan the robot arm’s trajectory using the trajectory learning and generalization characteristics of dynamic motion primitives (DMPs).

This study aligns multiple demonstration motion primitives using dynamic time warping; use the Gaussian mixture model and Gaussian mixture regression methods to obtain the ideal primitive trajectory actions. By establishing a system model that improves DMPs, the parameters of the nonlinear function are learned based on the ideal primitive trajectory actions of the robotic arm, and the robotic arm motion trajectory is reproduced and generalized.

Experiments have proven that the robot arm motion trajectory learned by the method proposed in this article can not only learn to generalize and demonstrate the movement trend of the primitive trajectory, but also can better generate ideal motion trajectories and avoid obstacles when there are obstacles. The maximum Euclidean distance between the generated trajectory and the demonstration primitive trajectory is reduced by 29.9%, and the average Euclidean distance is reduced by 54.2%. This illustrates the feasibility of this method for robot arm trajectory planning.

It provides a new method for the trajectory planning of robotic arms in unstructured environments while improving the adaptability and generalization performance of robotic arms in trajectory planning.

This study aims to explore the impact of multisource deformation errors on the oil film contact surface, which arise from manufacturing, assembly, oil pressure and thermal influences, on the motion accuracy of hydrostatic guideway.

Using thermal-structural coupling simulations, this research investigates the effects of assembly, oil pressure and thermal factors on deformation errors of the oil film contact surface. By integrating these with manufacturing errors, a profile error model for the oil film contact surface is developed, characterizing the cumulative effect of these errors. Using kinematic theory and progressive Mengen flow controller characteristics, the motion error at any position of the hydrostatic guideway is quantified, examining how surface error traits impact motion accuracy.

The error averaging effect is affected by the profile error of oil film contact surface. Meanwhile, the motion accuracy of hydrostatic guideway is highly sensitive to the oil film contact surface error amplitude.

This approach allows for precise prediction and analysis of motion accuracy in hydrostatic guideways during the design and manufacturing stages. It also provides guidance for planning process tolerances.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-03-2024-0063/