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This paper aims to examine the potentials of using automated guided vehicle (AGV) technology in modular integrated construction (MiC) to realise logistics automation in module manufacturing and transport.

This paper adopts a scenario approach through three phases (i.e. scenario preparation, development and transfer), with six steps performed iteratively. The scenarios were systematically developed using a six-aspect socio-technical framework. Data were collected through a comprehensive literature review, site visits and interviews with relevant stakeholders and professionals. Implications regarding strength, weakness, opportunities and challenges and future research directions are provided.

The developed scenarios of “smart manufacturing” and “last-mile delivery” demonstrated how AGVs could be used to enhance efficiency and productivity in module manufacturing and transport. The synergies between AGVs and emerging information technologies should pave a good foundation for realising logistics automation in MiC. Future research should address: how to define the tasks of AGVs, how will the use of AGVs impact MiC practices, how to design AGV-integrated module manufacturing/transport systems and how to integrate people factors into the use of AGVs in MiC.

This paper reveals the socio-technical benefits and challenges of using AGVs in MiC.

This study extends the understanding of using logistics automation in MiC as emerging research directions, with the intention of directing scholars’ and practitioners’ interest into future exploration. It is the first attempt in its kind. Its findings could be extended to constitute a comprehensive development roadmap and prospects of automation in modular construction.

Process of building and then implementation of integrated multimodal, passenger-centred and predominantly sustainable transport system will require a specific effort to be input in preparation, especially if it covers new entrants like passenger Urban Air Mobility. This paper aims to address the first step which is the identification of barriers to be overcome to turn the concept into reality.

Comparison of the current state-of-the-art in transportation, Information and Communication Technologies as well as other city planning domains to the forecasted ecosystem, described in the form of scenarios where base for definition of necessary actions, challenges as well as potential barriers and obstacles were identified and thoroughly specified.

Barriers grouped in five categories: policy, digitalisation, transportation technologies, integration technologies and passengers’ needs allow for formulation of the relevant roadmaps defining optimal development path towards fully integrated multimodal, passenger-centred and sustainable transport system.

Conclusions can be a starting point in studies towards development of roadmap for implementation of truly integrated municipal transport system both sharing the resources as well as high-level objectives.

Conclusions can be exploited in various areas starting from preparation of strategies in cities aspirating to be smart, through definition of technology development priorities by relevant agencies ending with industry actors looking for better trimming their business.

The identified barriers as derived from detailed investigation enable deep insight into the total transport system vision in which Urban Air Mobility integrated within urban mobility ecosystem is considered as game-changing factor having large potential to contribute to both making cities smart and sustainable.

Tourism and transport represent two sides of the same management process, especially in tourism destinations characterised by a consistent or a rising volume of visitor flows.

The purpose of this study is to provide real-time route guidance within city to help commuters.

In urban areas to avoid road congestion and to reach the destination on time, intelligent transport system (ITS) utilizes recent advanced technology. To support this, existing route guidance system (RGS) suggests alternative route to commuters. However, ITS requires a system which suggests the alternative route along with the mode of transport such as public, private, taxi services etc. Integrated mode of transport (IMT) implemented in this paper guides the commuters of urban area with the best mode of transport. Inputs to our IMT predictive model are the commuter's choice of (1) minimum travel time (2) minimum cost (3) flexible route and (4) less traffic intensity along with source and destination locations. Based on these user inputs, IMT predictive model suggests optimal mode of transport. In this paper to implement the IMT model, we have considered the transport facility available in Bangalore, a city in India. The city has metro train, bus and taxi services available to the commuters. Implementation is divided into two parts. In the first part, the model checks for the end-to-end connectivity/availability of metro train facility. If metro train connectivity exists, the model concludes this as the best mode of travel. In the second part, for the routes which are not connected by metro train, the optimal mode of transport through road network will be suggested. In the first part, to check the existence of metro train along the routes between source and destination, location-IQ API is used. In the later part, to suggest transport along the road network, Q-learning algorithm of reinforcement learning technique is used.

The findings are the predictive model algorithm to find the best mode of transfer and reinforcement model used in real time route guidance system.

This is a new Idea, not proposed in any research work.

More than ever before, public transit must compete in the transport market. This competition is, on the one hand, against steadily increasing car traffic; and on the other hand, between public transit operators. This, in turn, leads to new demands regarding the type, content and quality of data needed for planning and management. Frequently, traditional travel behaviour surveys do not provide sufficiently accurate and detailed information about public transit demand. To plan public transit, frequently a precise description of all trip stages, including the first and the last mile, is necessary. To achieve this, an adaptation of the traditional survey methods is necessary. In many countries, public transit associations have been established to integrate services offered by individual public transit operators with the help of through-ticketing and a coordination of lines and timetables into what looks, to the user, like a single system. To distribute revenue among the operators involved, detailed surveys of passengers are needed. Measuring the quality of public transit service and surveying customer satisfaction are new tasks. Such data are the basis for quality assurance and are essential for gaining and keeping customers of the public transit system. New technologies such as the Global Positioning System, automated passenger counts and Smart Card Payment Systems offer new possibilities to collect data more efficiently and cost-effectively. This article covers essential aspects of surveys and the collection of data that are crucial for the planning and management of public transit; it points to state-of-the-art methods and offers potential solutions.

The smart city paradigm has evolved from a perspective focused on technological infrastructures to an approach in which the effects of the technological apparatus improve the quality of life of people, urban resilience, urban sustainability, and health, by introducing the concept of smart and sustainable city 3.0. In this chapter, the authors evaluate mobility as a key aspect of improving the environmental, social, and economic well-being of communities under the central concept of smart and sustainable city 3.0. To this end, the authors underline the link between mobility, the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP), and environmental health. Then, the authors outline (i) the mobility requirements to be met from a smart perspective on environmental health and how (ii) the SUMPs can be considered as the basic tool for connecting smartness with mobility and environmental health. Finally, the results obtained will be discussed, and future directions of this research will be illustrated.

The chapter provides a general review of the policy debate around the provision of formal Park-and-Ride (P&R) facilities and the empirical research evidence about travellers’ responses to the opportunities they present, drawing on evidence from the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. The effects of the schemes on road traffic and car dependence are considered.

The different ways in which private vehicles and public transport are combined during journeys are reviewed. The position of P&R is considered as a modal variant within a ‘socio-technical system’ competing with the more established journey options of fully private and fully public transport. Scenarios which can maximise the traffic reduction and sustainable development potential of P&R are examined.

The review of the policy context establishes that a range of policy objectives are conceived for P&R depending on different professional and citizen perspectives. There is partial understanding amongst local authorities about the effectiveness with which P&R addresses the range of objectives in practice. The key travel behavioural findings are that only a portion of P&R users’ car trips are shortened. Hence, overall increases in car use occur, combined with overall reductions in public transport use, and in some cases less active travel. Where dedicated public transport services are operated, these are also a further source of additional traffic.

P&R implementations are generally successful where they are explicitly for providing more parking for economic growth or traffic management reasons, rather than to enhance sustainable mobility. The essential conditions for traffic reduction to occur in future are a strategic subregional integrated parking and public transport strategy which achieves interception of car trips early and ensures public transport services remain attractive for a range of access modes.

The chapter provides a synthesis of work by a number of leading authors on the topic and includes elements of originality in the combination of the established knowledge, the addition of novel insights, and in overall interpretation.