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The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of bank financing and internal financing sources on women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship.

Female owners of e-businesses in India were surveyed regarding their perceptions of bank financing, internal financing sources and their motivations for e-entrepreneurship.

The findings of this study show that bank financing and internal financing sources positively impact women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship in India. The results show that family status, education, easy access to new business information and location positively impact women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship in India. The findings also show that bank financing has a higher impact on women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship compared with internal financing sources.

This is a co-relational study that investigated the relationship between bank financing and women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship and the relationship between internal financing sources and women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship. There is not necessarily a causal relationship between the two. The findings of this study may only be generalized to individuals similar to those that were included in this research.

This study contributes to the literature on the impact of bank financing and internal financing sources on women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship. The findings may be useful for investment advisors, the Indian Government and entrepreneurship consultants.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of financial support from non-resident family members (FSNRFM) on the financial performance of newer agribusiness firms in India.

Owners of newer agribusiness firms (five years old or less) from India were surveyed regarding the perceived impact of FSNRFM on the financial performance of newer agribusiness firms.

The results show that newer agribusiness firms with FSNRFM perform better than those without FSNRFM; and build higher levels of internal financing sources relative to the newer agribusiness firms without FSNRFM, which, in turn, improves their performance.

This is a co-relational study that investigated the association between FSNRFM and financial performance of newer agribusiness firms. There is not necessarily a causal relationship between the two. The findings of this study may only be generalized to firms similar to those that were included in this research.

The study enriches the literature concerning newer agribusiness firms and the factors that improve their financial performance. The results of this study can be of great significance for owners of these firms, financial managers, farm management consultants, and other stakeholders to understand the impact of FSNRFM on financial performance of newer agribusiness firms.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the level of religious beliefs and individual spirituality of small business owners on their decision to insure.

Small business owners from India were asked about their perceptions regarding the relationship between their level of religious beliefs and spirituality and their decision to insure.

The results of this study show that the level of religious beliefs and individual spirituality of small business owners positively influence their decisions to purchase commercial insurance and life insurance to manage financial risk in India.

This is a co-relational study that investigated the association between the level of religious beliefs, spirituality, and decision to insure. There is not necessarily a causal relationship between the two. The findings of this study may only be generalized to individuals similar to those that were included in this research.

This study adds to literature on the relationship between the level of religious beliefs, spirituality, and decision to insure. The findings may be useful for financial planners, small business owners and financial management consultants.

This study tests the impact of family control on information technology (IT) investment and IT adoption in MSMEs in India.

This study employs a survey research design. Micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) owners in India were surveyed to test the impact of family control on IT investment and IT adoption.

Our empirical results show that family control — measured by family ownership, family member firm management, and/or family CEO duality — increases IT investment and IT adoption in India. Family ownership increases the chances of IT investment and IT adoption by 19.24% and 38.40%, respectively. Firm management by family members increases the chances of IT investment and IT adoption by 11.29% and 18.29%, respectively. CEO duality increases the chances of IT investment and IT adoption by 51.13% and 258%, respectively. Thus, CEO duality has a higher impact on IT investment and IT adoption than family ownership and firm management by family members.

The empirical results may be generalized only to MSMEs similar to those surveyed in this study. Additionally, this study relied on the perceptions and judgments of MSME owners.

This study contributes to the literature on the impact of family control on IT investment and IT adoption in the developing economics. This study can help scholars to develop further studies in the family control area. Our findings may help MSME owners to increase family control to survive and prosper into the future. Additionally, MSME management consultants may find the empirical results useful to provide consulting services.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between transformational leadership (TL) and employee desire for empowerment (EDFE). This study also aims to extend Gill and Mathur's findings regarding improving employee dedication and pro‐social behavior.

Hospitality industry employees from Canada and India were surveyed to test the relationship between TL and EDFE in countries that differ substantially in their levels of cultural power distance.

Results suggest that the improvement in the degree of EDFE is positively related to the improvement in the degree of perceived TL implementation in the hospitality industry in both countries. However, substantial differences in relative impact were observed between restaurant (high in both countries) and hotel/motel workers (low in Canada, high in India). In addition to cultural power distance, levels of TL and EDFE were significantly lower in India than in Canada, and levels of TL were significantly lower among restaurant workers than among hotel/motel workers.

Managers who exhibit TL behaviors are more likely to heighten their employees' desire to be empowered, regardless of cultural context.

The findings help to explain failures in organizational efforts to empower workers by demonstrating the critical role of TL behaviors in heightening EDFE.

This paper aims to shed light on an essential role that “female directors” on boards of companies in sub-Saharan Africa play towards corporate financial performance enhancement. The study observes how board gender diversity moderates the relationship between earnings management (EM) and financial performance of firms in sub-Saharan Africa from a dynamic perspective.

The study’s sample comprises 105 companies listed on the respective stock markets of nine sub-Saharan African countries. The data are collected from annual reports over the period 2007–2019, a total of 1,166 firm-year observations. Panel data models are used in the analyses.

The study finds that the performance effect of EM is contingent on board diversity and this finding persists even after controlling for dynamic endogeneity, simultaneity and unobserved time-invariant heterogeneity inherent in the EM and performance relationship.

The findings should be understood within the context that, only available annual reports and audited financial statements that were filed with respective capital markets of the nine surveyed countries are used as source of information.

The current study is unique, in that, it is the first panel multi-cross-country investigation within Africa to introduce gender diversity in the study of the relationship between EM and firm performance. It therefore extends the agency theory by using gender diversity as a moderating variable in the EM–firm performance nexus.