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1 – 10 of over 69000Guilherme Boulhosa Rodamilans, Emília Villani, Luís Gonzaga Trabasso, Wesley Rodrigues de Oliveira and Ricardo Suterio
This paper aims to propose an evaluation method to compare two different Human–Robot Interaction (HRI) solutions that can be used for on-line programming in an industrial context…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to propose an evaluation method to compare two different Human–Robot Interaction (HRI) solutions that can be used for on-line programming in an industrial context: a force guidance system and the traditional teach pendant operation.
Design/methodology/approach
The method defines three evaluation criteria (agility, accuracy and learning) and describes an experimental approach based on the analysis of variance to verify the performance of guidance systems according to these criteria. This method is used in this paper to compare the traditional teach pendant interface with an implementation of a force guidance system based on the use of an external force/torque sensor.
Findings
The application of the proposed method to an off-the-shelf industrial robot shows that the force guidance system has a better performance according to the agility criterion. Both solutions have a similar performance for the accuracy criterion, with a limit of about 2 mm in the achieved position accuracy. Regarding the learning criterion, the authors cannot affirm that any of the methods has an improved agility when the operator repeats the tasks.
Practical implications
This work supports the selection of guidance systems to be used in on-line programming of industrial applications. It shows that the force guidance system is an option potentially faster than the teach pendant when the required positioning accuracy is greater than 2 mm.
Originality/value
The new method proposed in this paper can be applied to a large range of robots, not being limited to commercial available collaborative robots. Furthermore, the method is appropriate to accomplish further investigations in HRI not only to compare programming methods but also to evaluate guidance systems approaches or robot control systems.
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The purpose of this paper is to design an integrated guidance and control design for a formation flight of four unmanned aerial vehicles to follow a moving ground target.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design an integrated guidance and control design for a formation flight of four unmanned aerial vehicles to follow a moving ground target.
Design/methodology/approach
The guidance law is based on the line‐of‐sight. The control is optimal. The guidance law is integrated with the optimal control law and is applied to a linear dynamic model.
Findings
The theoretical results are supported by the numerical simulations that illustrate a coordinated encirclement of a ground maneuvering target.
Research limitations/implications
A linear dynamic UAV model and a liner engine model were employed.
Practical implications
This is expected to provide efficient coordination technique required in many civilian circular formation UAV applications; also the technique can be used to provide a safe environment required for the civil applications.
Social implications
The research will facilitate the deployment of autonomous unmanned aircraft systems in various civilian applications such as border monitoring.
Originality/value
The research addresses the challenges of coordination of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles in a circular formation using an integrated optimal control technique with line‐of‐sight guidance.
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Chaoyong Li, Wuxing Jing, Hui Wang and Zhiguo Qi
To study the application of three‐dimensional differential geometric (DG) guidance commands to a realistic missile defense engagement, and the application of the Newton's…
Abstract
Purpose
To study the application of three‐dimensional differential geometric (DG) guidance commands to a realistic missile defense engagement, and the application of the Newton's iterative algorithm to DG guidance problems.
Design/methodology/approach
The classical differential geometry theory is introduced firstly to transform all the variables in DG guidance commands from an arc length system to the time domain. Then, an algorithm for the angle‐of‐attack and the sideslip angle is developed by assuming the guidance curvature command and guidance torsion command equal to its corresponding value of current trajectory. Furthermore, Newton's iteration is utilized to develop iterative solution of the stated algorithm and the two‐dimensional DG guidance system so as to facilitate easy computation of the angle‐of‐attack and the sideslip angle, which are formulated to satisfy the DG guidance law.
Findings
DG guidance law is viable and effective in the realistic missile defense engagement, and it is shown to be a generalization of gain‐varying proportional navigation (PN) guidance law and performs better than the classical PN guidance law in the case of intercepting a maneuvering target. Moreover, Newton's iterative algorithm has sufficient accuracy for DG guidance problem.
Originality/value
Provides further study on DG guidance problem associated with its iterative solution.
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PHOTOGRAPHIC details of various aircraft and missiles recently released in conjunction with the Soviet air show at Tushino Airport on July 9, 1961, has provided a basis for the…
Abstract
PHOTOGRAPHIC details of various aircraft and missiles recently released in conjunction with the Soviet air show at Tushino Airport on July 9, 1961, has provided a basis for the start of an evaluation of Soviet air‐to‐air rocket weapons. These pictorial data, coupled with Russian textbooks, as well as evidence of Soviet interest in the guided‐missile work of the Western Powers, indicated by the material that has been translated from English into Russian,1 has led to this brief evaluation of their work in this field.
Tien-Wen Sung and Ting-Ting Wu
Learners were provided with personalized and adaptive articles in a dynamic real-time manner. This study aims to improve learners’ interest in learning English and motivate them…
Abstract
Purpose
Learners were provided with personalized and adaptive articles in a dynamic real-time manner. This study aims to improve learners’ interest in learning English and motivate them through an appropriate e-book assistance mechanism, thus increasing their English reading–comprehension skills.
Design/methodology/approach
In addition to their general auxiliary functions, e-books were designed to provide other relevant auxiliary functions to meet the English reading–learning requirements. The e-book was also equipped with a personalized reading guidance and assistance mechanism for conducting systematic assessments and calculations on the basis of the learner’s reading comprehension skills, article difficulty and difficulty stratification and connections between articles.
Findings
The personalized reading guidance and assistance strategy, which provided articles in line with the learners’ personal abilities and presented the articles in a correlated method, facilitated learners’ progressive learning and improved their reading–comprehension abilities. Learners’ confidence and satisfaction toward English reading can be improved effectively through adaptive guidance.
Originality/value
A real-time and dynamic reading guidance strategy was established in this study by considering the learner’s reading–comprehension skills, article difficulty and difficulty stratification and the connections between articles.
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Christopher S. Chapman, Anja Kern, Aziza Laguecir, Gerardine Doyle, Nathalie Angelé-Halgand, Allan Hansen, Frank G.H. Hartmann, Céu Mateus, Paolo Perego, Vera Winter and Wilm Quentin
The purpose is to assess the impact of clinical costing approaches on the quality of cost information in seven countries (Denmark, England, France, Germany, Ireland, the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose is to assess the impact of clinical costing approaches on the quality of cost information in seven countries (Denmark, England, France, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands and Portugal).
Design/methodology/approach
Costing practices in seven countries were analysed via questionnaires, interviews and relevant published material.
Findings
Although clinical costing is intended to support a similar range of purposes, countries display considerable diversity in their approaches to costing in terms of the level of detail contained in regulatory guidance and the percentage of providers subject to such guidance for tariff setting. Guidance in all countries involves a mix of costing methods.
Research limitations/implications
The authors propose a two-dimensional Materiality and Quality Score (2D MAQS) of costing systems that can support the complex trade-offs in managing the quality of cost information at both policy and provider level, and between financial and clinical concerns.
Originality/value
The authors explore the trade-offs between different dimensions of the quality (accuracy, decision relevance and standardization) and the cost of collecting and analysing cost information for disparate purposes.
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IN covering British activities in the inertial guidance field, it is appropriate to include a brief picture of developments in the historical sense so that British achievements…
Abstract
IN covering British activities in the inertial guidance field, it is appropriate to include a brief picture of developments in the historical sense so that British achievements can be seen in perspective especially with regard to the state‐of‐the‐art in the United States. We will also deal with the application of inertial navigation systems to the civil field for, although at the moment every production inertial quality system in service is being operated in a military rôle, civil aviation is on the threshold of adopting inertial techniques.
A.B. Schwartz, S. Malick and J.R. Friesen
THE experimental determination of the moment of inertia of a body is frequently required to confirm a calculated value or to eliminate the tedious work involved in the…
Abstract
THE experimental determination of the moment of inertia of a body is frequently required to confirm a calculated value or to eliminate the tedious work involved in the calculation. This is normally done by integrating the body into a vibrating system, such as a pendulum.
S.H. Pourtakdoust, F. Pazooki and M. Fakhri Noushabadi
The purpose of this paper is to devise a new approach to synthesize closed‐loop feedback guidance law for online thrust‐insensitive optimal trajectory generation utilizing neural…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to devise a new approach to synthesize closed‐loop feedback guidance law for online thrust‐insensitive optimal trajectory generation utilizing neural networks.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed methodology utilizes an open‐loop variational formulation that initially determines optimal launch/ascent trajectories for various scenarios of known uncertainties in the thrust profile of typical solid propellant engines. These open‐loop optimized trajectories will then provide the knowledge base needed for the subsequent training of a neural network. The trained network could eventually produce thrust‐insensitive closed‐loop optimal guidance laws and trajectories in flight.
Findings
The proposed neuro‐optimal guidance scheme is effective for online closed‐loop optimal path planning through some measurable and computable engine and flight parameters.
Originality/value
Determination of closed‐loop optimal guidance law for non‐linear dynamic systems with uncertainties in system and environment has been a challenge for researchers and engineers for many years. The problem of steering a solid propellant driven vehicle is one of these challenges. Even though a few researchers have worked in the area of non‐linear optimal control and thrust‐insensitive guidance, this paper proposes a new strategy for the determination of closed‐loop online thrust insensitive guidance laws leading to optimal flight trajectories for solid propellant launch and ascent vehicles.
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THE FLIGHT GUIDANCE SYSTEM is largely digital and is expected to set the pattern for all future flight guidance system designs. The system actually consists of 3 systems…
Abstract
THE FLIGHT GUIDANCE SYSTEM is largely digital and is expected to set the pattern for all future flight guidance system designs. The system actually consists of 3 systems integrated into one: automatic flight control system, central air data system and flight display and interface system. Although integrated for interface compatibility the 3 are here considered separately.