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The purpose of this paper is to explore the structure, implicit attitude and consequences of followers' implicit followership theories in the Chinese cultural context through three studies. Study 1 explores the structure of followers' implicit followership theories. Study 2 examines the implicit attitude of followers towards followers' implicit followership theories. Study 3 verifies the impact of followers' implicit followership theories on the quality of collegial relationships.

The data for study 1 (n = 321) and study 3 (n = 243) were collected through an online self-report questionnaire, and the data for study 2 (n = 30) were collected through the go/no-go association task.

The structure of followers' implicit followership theories includes two dimensions: positive followership prototypes and negative followership prototypes. Followers' implicit attitudes were more likely to match positive followership prototypes than negative followership prototypes. Positive followership prototypes had a significantly positive impact on the quality of collegial relationships, whereas negative followership prototypes had a significantly negative impact on the quality of collegial relationships.

The psychology and behaviour of employees can be better understood by exploring followers' implicit followership theories.

Employees hold a relatively positive implicit attitude towards followers. Therefore, managers should provide positive feedback to improve employees' positive self-cognition so that employees can better serve the organization and better promote its development.

The paper is one of the few studies to explore followers' implicit followership theories in the Chinese cultural context.

Over time, the role of followers within leadership discourse has gained greater status, leading to followers being acknowledged as significant actors in the leadership process. This has led to the development of follower-centric leadership studies, as well as the more emergent research area of followership, with followership research having the specific intention to find out about followers from the perspective of followers. In this paper, the authors provide a review of role-based followership approaches, and implicit leadership and followership theories as a basis to build a case for follower implicit followership theories (FIFTs) as a focus area for future research.

The authors conducted a review of seminal and current role-based followership literature, with a specific focus on FIFTs and followership studies conducted within the African context.

Implicit theories have been an area of leadership research that has added much value, and as such could do the same for development of followership research. FIFTs as a research area are nascent and, as such, should continue to be explored in order to expand our understanding of followership.

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the first literature reviews to have a specific focus on FIFTs, as well as on followership research conducted within the African context.

Examines the concerns profiles of 243 front‐line managers within Telecom Australia who were engaged in implementing two related innovations: (a) a new service policy called “Fix‐It‐First‐Time” and (b) a change in the functional role of front‐line managers. Results were considered to be broadly consistent with a developmental and stage model of concerns. However, the importance of concerns for this sample of workers was different from that suggested by previous research. The impact of innovations on colleagues, on clients and on their job security was paramount in this group, reflecting the fact that innovations occurred within a period of major retrenchment and redundancy. Results also confirmed a higher order structuring of concerns which occurs in the workplace and which goes beyond the original seven stages to encompass broadly defined personal concerns and impact concerns of the innovation. The implications of these findings are examined briefly in terms of an emerging critique of change management models for the 1990s.

Mr. Peter Anderson has been appointed to the board of Camrex Ltd., as industrial sales director. This new, key position reflects Camrex's reassertion in the industrial paints field following the company's acquisition by Ruberoid plc last year.

In order to provide information for flutter and dynamic stress calculations on an aircraft a knowledge of the normal modes of vibration is required. In the following paper a matrix method, due to Dr Traill‐Nash, is extended and used to obtain a general expression for the complete aircraft normal modes, and is applicable to most aircraft configurations. The method is considered to be eminently suitable for use with modern digital electronic computational equipment. Methods arc discussed vthcrcby the degrees of freedom may be economized without significant loss of accuracy. By restriction of the degrees of freedom allowed, important subsidiary cases arc drawn from the general expressions, allowing standard matrix solutions suitable for normal oflicc routine.

When this Review was started in the early fifties, one would have been hard pressed to find articles in the paint literature about pollution. Some articles appeared about safety and toxicity and, of course, pollution was recognized as an undesirable factor. But that pollution, toxicity, and safety would one day occupy a major role in the activities of industry was hardly predictable.

WHEN this country began its transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy, the journeyman used to own his personal tools. The carpenter brought his hammer and saw when he started a new job. Today the plumber with his bag of tools is probably the closest approximation to the worker of those early days, in which there subsisted between the two sides a sense of partnership which is too rarely found in this age.