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The study explores the current research trends within the responsible leadership (RL) domain and proposes a future research agenda by conducting an extensive review of past research. The study aims to understand recent developments in theories, constructs and contexts in RL literature.

Scopus database is used for the data collection on RL and patterns from 1998–2022. In total, 138 articles were covered for a systematic literature review (SLR) of RL behaviors. Further, the search was extended, and 109 more articles were included for bibliometric analysis of RL using R software. In total, 247 papers were reviewed.

The results present the consequences and antecedents of RL behaviors with external and internal stakeholders. Literature also indicates that researchers are more attentive to empirical studies with internal stakeholders, such as responsible leaders' impact on employee outcomes. Among theories, stakeholder theory's normative integrative and instrumental perspectives are used with RL.

The first limitation of the study is that this study collected data only from the Scopus database and the choice of language was English. Future studies may use other databases, languages and keywords. Instrumental and integrative RL behavioral styles would help balance organizations' financial and social goals.

This research enhances the literature on RL by combining content and bibliometric analysis to develop a more systematic and comprehensive understanding of integrative and instrumental leadership behaviors.

This study aims to examine the association between globally responsible leadership (GRL) and pro-environmental behavior (PEB), specifically probing the mediating role of green management initiatives (GMI) in this relationship.

This study used a quantitative research design, using survey data from 390 participants working in manufacturing sector organizations in one of the emerging economies in the Asian region, namely, Pakistan. AMOS was used to test the hypothesized relationships.

The results reveal that GRL has a significant positive link with GMI and PEB. In addition, this study found that GMI mediates the association between GRL and PEB, suggesting that GRL indirectly promotes PEB through the implementation of GMI.

This study has several limitations, including its reliance on self-reported data, its cross-sectional design and its focus on participants from only one nation. Future research may benefit from using mixed-study designs and diverse samples from multiple industries and nations.

The results suggest that businesses can promote PEB among their staff by adopting GRL and implementing GMI. In doing so, businesses can demonstrate their commitment to sustainability, enhancing their credibility and competitive advantage.

This research contributes several new insights to the existing literature on sustainable leadership. First, it provides empirical evidence to support the hypothesis that GRL, GMI and PEB are interrelated. Second, it highlights the mediating role of GMI in this relationship.