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The purpose of this study is to explain why people respond to toxic leadership in different ways. The toxic triangle was applied as a lens and extended followership by investigating unsusceptible followers and susceptible followers.

This study employed Q methodology to illustrate the subjective viewpoints of 31 employees. Participants sorted 41 statements ranging from “most uncharacteristic” to “most characteristic” according to their beliefs using a forced distribution. We used qualitative data from the survey and follow-up interviews to document participant motivations.

Findings from this Q study demonstrated three distinct perceptions of responses to toxic leadership: Suffer in Silence (Perspective 1), Confront and Advocate (Perspective 2) and Quiet yet Concerned (Perspective 3). This study found that Perspectives 1 and 3 helped to explain differences in susceptible followership, whereas Perspective 2 helped to explain unsusceptible followership. Our research supports the need for organizations to provide safe whistleblowing channels for reporting unethical behavior by adopting clear policies for handling unethical behaviors and sharing those policies with all constituents within the organization.

Our research supports the need for organizations to provide safe whistleblowing channels for reporting unethical behavior by adopting clear policies for handling unethical behaviors and sharing those policies with all constituents within the organization.

Our study adds to the developing literature on followership by building a conceptual framework for response types that better explains the motivation and subsequent actions of susceptible and unsusceptible followers. This framework helps us identify new ways to combat toxic leadership by providing a more nuanced view of how employees perceive and respond to toxic leadership.

The dissemination of misleading and false information through media can jeopardize a company’s reputation, thus posing a threat to its stock and performance. Institutional investors are known to influence capital markets. Therefore, this paper investigates whether institutional investors engage in shaping the media sentiment stock nexus, stabilize company stocks and enhance performance.

We first investigate the effect of media sentiment on market reactions by using panel regression models. To examine the role of institutional investors, we design a quasi-experiment by exploiting the Financial Crisis of 2008 and go further by examining the heterogeneity across levels of institutional ownership. Due to risk-averse, investors may respond asymmetrically to pessimistic and positive sentiment. Accordingly, we split the sample into two sub-types, good news and bad news, based on keywords representing positive or negative content.

We find supportive evidence that institutional investors have impacts on how the markets react to media news, and the impacts are heterogeneous in the face of bad and good news. We conjecture that institutional investors act as a stabilizer of stock prices through media sentiment management.

This paper confirms the distinctive effects of institutional investors on capital markets, and uncovers the behind-the-scenes intervention and possible causal link running from institutional investors to media sentiment management. It contributes to the broad field of institutional investors' behavior, media news involvement in capital markets and market efficiency.

This paper aims to explore and conceptualize the emotional labor of racial minorities and women in the gig economy.

The paper draws on current research on gig workers' engagement in emotional labor and accounts of unfair practices in the gig economy. It calls out the presence of bias in algorithmic systems used within the gig economy as a means of control and gig worker management. The negative impact of such bias on a specific gig worker demographic is theorized.

Through a review of research on the nature of work in the gig economy, the paper suggests an unspoken mandate exists for gig workers to engage in emotional labor practices. Specifically, the nature of gig work in terms of algorithmic control, coupled with gig work dependence, often creates a need for gig workers to engage in emotional labor. This need is heightened for racial and ethnic minorities and women gig workers.

As gig platforms increasingly rely on algorithms for management and gig workers face biases, this paper offers valuable insights that contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the gig economy's impact on worker well-being. The paper discusses the need for more profound research into the nature of work in the gig economy and the life experiences of gig workers.

This paper has significant implications for organizations and gig workers. Understanding the relationships proposed in this paper can inform organizational strategies to enhance the well-being of gig workers and improve their overall work experiences, potentially leading to increased satisfaction and reduced turnover. Additionally, the paper recommends strategies gig workers can utilize to achieve positive outcomes.

The evolving work landscape, driven by the gig economy, necessitates a thorough understanding of new work dynamics. This paper sheds light on the often-overlooked diversity within the gig workforce, mainly focusing on the unique experiences of women and racial and ethnic minorities.

This case invites students to assess the impact that Brexit, the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union, might have on a New York–based hedge fund's portfolio and, specifically, its UK assets. The case is designed to prompt students to make market assumptions and investment hypotheses based on a combination of numerical data and qualitative information. It requires no numerical computations; instead, it asks the student to interpret both markets' short-term reactions to the Brexit vote and strategy shifts from UK and European business leaders in order to evaluate longer-term implications for the economies of the United Kingdom, Europe, and the world.