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Article
Publication date: 10 December 2020

Employee outcomes of supporting and valuing diversity: mediating role of diversity climate

Sadia Mansoor, Phuong Anh Tran and Muhammad Ali

Diversity management is gaining attention in the organizations. This study aims to theorize and test a model linking efforts to support diversity and organizational value…

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Abstract

Purpose

Diversity management is gaining attention in the organizations. This study aims to theorize and test a model linking efforts to support diversity and organizational value of diversity with job satisfaction and organizational identification and to propose that these relationships are mediated by an organization’s diversity climate.

Design/methodology/approach

Employee survey was used to collect data from employees at an Australian manufacturing organization. Structural equation modelling in AMOS was performed for the proposed model, controlling for age and gender.

Findings

The mediating role of diversity climate in the relationship of organizational value of diversity and outcomes (job satisfaction and organizational identification) is significant. The authors discuss theoretical, research and practical contributions.

Originality/value

The present study extends the literature by testing a mediation model derived from the signalling and social exchange theories.

Details

Organization Management Journal, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/OMJ-09-2019-0801
ISSN:

Keywords

  • Job satisfaction
  • Organizational identification
  • Diversity climate
  • Efforts to support diversity
  • Organizational value of diversity

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Article
Publication date: 13 May 2019

Study shows positive impact of numeric diversity and diversity climate on psychological outcomes for faculty of color

The purpose of the study was to determine, first, whether both numeric diversity and racial climate impacted the psychological well-being and workplace experiences of…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to determine, first, whether both numeric diversity and racial climate impacted the psychological well-being and workplace experiences of faculty of color (FOC). But the authors also considered whether there was an “additive” effect when both diversity factors existed at the same time.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used surveys of academics from various backgrounds in multiple US regions to test the effects of numeric diversity and racial climate on three dependent variables – invisible labor, stress from discrimination and dissatisfaction with co-workers. For the purposes of the study, FOC were defined as black, Latinx and Asian faculty.

Findings

The results showed significant support for the authors' prediction that there was more stress from discrimination, invisible labor, and co-worker dissatisfaction against FOC in institutions with low numeric diversity and poor racial climate compared with institutions with high numeric diversity and a positive racial climate. They also found that negative impacts were smaller in institutions with both high numeric diversity and a positive racial climate, compared to institutions with high numeric diversity, but a poor racial climate. However, similar results were not found for institutions with low numeric diversity and positive racial climate.

Originality/value

The authors concluded that the findings showed that “diversity climate may be the primary driver of mitigating psychological disparities between FOC and white faculty”. They said that education officials should take action to construct a positive racial climate, but neither should they ignore numeric representation.

Details

Human Resource Management International Digest , vol. 27 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/HRMID-03-2019-0077
ISSN: 0967-0734

Keywords

  • Stress
  • Discrimination
  • Faculty of color
  • Invisible labor
  • Numeric diversity
  • Racial climate

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Article
Publication date: 24 August 2020

Diversity climate on turnover intentions: a sequential mediating effect of personal diversity value and affective commitment

Joonghak Lee, Steven Kim and Youngsang Kim

Research on diversity climate has shown that diversity climate as an employee's perception of an organization's diversity-related practices or procedures has a positive…

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Abstract

Purpose

Research on diversity climate has shown that diversity climate as an employee's perception of an organization's diversity-related practices or procedures has a positive impact on reducing turnover intentions. However, we know little about which intervening mechanism explains the relationship between diversity climate and employee's turnover intentions. In this study, we suggest that individual employee's perceived diversity climate influences turnover intentions through personal diversity value and affective commitment.

Design/methodology/approach

With a sample of 901 employees in more than 50 companies affiliated in South Korea, the authors test the hypothesized relationship, using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Findings

Our findings show that personal diversity value and affective commitment sequentially mediate the relationship between perceived diversity climate and turnover intentions.

Research limitations/implications

This study can enhance the understanding about the mediating mechanism linking the relationship between perceived diversity climate and turnover intentions and how personal diversity value and affective commitment link the relationship.

Originality/value

The authors theorize and find that perceived diversity climate can influence personal diversity value that results in employee commitment and turnover intentions.

Details

Personnel Review, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-11-2019-0636
ISSN: 0048-3486

Keywords

  • Diversity climate
  • Personal diversity value
  • Affective commitment
  • Turnover intentions

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Book part
Publication date: 10 June 2015

Diversity Climate in Organizations: Current Wisdom and Domains of Uncertainty

Patrick F. McKay and Derek R. Avery

Over the past decade, the U.S. workforce has become increasingly diverse. In response, scholars and practitioners have sought to uncover ways to leverage this increasing…

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Abstract

Over the past decade, the U.S. workforce has become increasingly diverse. In response, scholars and practitioners have sought to uncover ways to leverage this increasing diversity to enhance business performance. To date, research evidence has failed to provide consistent support for the value of diversity to organizational effectiveness. Accordingly, scholars have shifted their attention to diversity management as a means to fully realize the potential benefits of diversity in organizations. The principal aim of this chapter is to review the current wisdom on the study of diversity climate in organizations. Defined as the extent that employees view an organization as utilizing fair personnel practices and socially integrating all personnel into the work environment, diversity climate has been proposed as a catalyst for unlocking the full value of diversity in organizations. During our review, we discuss the existent individual- and aggregate-level research, describe the theoretical foundations of such work, summarize the key research findings and themes gleaned from work in each domain, and note the limitations of diversity climate research. Finally, we highlight the domains of uncertainty regarding diversity climate research, and offer recommendations for future work that can enhance knowledge of diversity climate effects on organizational outcomes.

Details

Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0742-730120150000033008
ISBN: 978-1-78560-016-6

Keywords

  • Diversity
  • diversity management
  • diversity climate
  • leveraging diversity

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Article
Publication date: 15 May 2020

Mediation role of diversity climate on leadership and job satisfaction in the Ghanaian public sector

Michael K. Mickson, Alex Anlesinya and Ebenezer Malcalm

This study examines the mediation role of diversity climate in the relationship between transformational leadership, transactional leadership and job satisfaction from the…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study examines the mediation role of diversity climate in the relationship between transformational leadership, transactional leadership and job satisfaction from the two-factor perspectives of intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfactions among local government servants in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses cross-sectional data from 322 employees in local government service of Ghana in the Greater Accra Region using purposive and stratified sampling methods. Bootstrapping method of mediation estimated using structural equation modelling is employed to test the hypothesized relationships.

Findings

The results find a differential effect of leadership behaviours on intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction, where transformation and transactional leadership relate positively to intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction respectively. Furthermore, the empirical findings reveal that diversity climate has mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and intrinsic job satisfaction, implying that diversity climate is an important process through which transformational leadership behaviours can elicit intrinsic job satisfaction among local government servants. Surprisingly, however, diversity climate does not serve as an important transmission mechanism in the relationship between transactional leadership and extrinsic job satisfaction.

Practical implications

This means that public sector leaders or managers can improve intrinsic job satisfaction among local government servants and by extension public sector employees by creating an ideal climate for diversity by transforming the work environment through leadership, specifically, transformational leadership behaviours.

Originality/value

Although studies abound on the link between leadership behaviours (transformational and transactional) and job satisfaction, the mediating effect of diversity climate as a mechanism in this relationship is very scarce and rare to find. Hence, our study has made original contributions to theory and practice by highlighting the role of diversity climate in converting leadership behaviours, specifically; transformational leadership into creating intrinsically satisfied workers in the public sector.

Details

World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/WJEMSD-10-2019-0080
ISSN: 2042-5961

Keywords

  • Transformational leadership
  • Transactional leadership
  • Job satisfaction
  • Diversity climate
  • Ghana
  • Africa
  • Public sector management

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Article
Publication date: 20 November 2018

Counting heads vs making heads count: Impact of numeric diversity and diversity climate on psychological outcomes for faculty of color

Emily Vargas, Amy Seon Westmoreland, Kathrina Robotham and Fiona Lee

Research on organizational diversity initiatives generally focus on either numerical diversity or racial climate. Both facets of diversity are critical, however, research…

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Abstract

Purpose

Research on organizational diversity initiatives generally focus on either numerical diversity or racial climate. Both facets of diversity are critical, however, research has rarely examined their impact simultaneously. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

In the current study, the authors use the context of higher education, to examine how variations in the composite of numerical diversity and racial climate predict psychological disparities between faculty of color (FOC) and White faculty. The authors test how institutions that engage in authentic diversity (i.e. institutions that are both numerically diverse and have a positive racial climate) compare to other diversity composites.

Findings

Using a data set of n=37,406 faculty members in US colleges/universities, this study found that racial disparities between FOC and White faculty for various psychological outcomes are smaller in authentic diversity institutions compared to institutions with low numeric diversity/ poor racial climate. Further, the data demonstrate that authentic diversity institutions have reduced psychological disparities compared to institutions with high numeric diversity/poor racial climate, but have similar disparities to institutions with low numeric/positive racial climate.

Originality/value

These results suggest that diversity climate may be the primary driver of mitigating psychological disparities between FOC and White faculty. However, it is necessary for institutions to authentically engage in diversity – by promoting both entities – to become more effective in reducing disparities.

Details

Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, vol. 37 no. 8
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-11-2017-0256
ISSN: 2040-7149

Keywords

  • Higher education
  • Diversity climate
  • Racial disparities
  • Numerical diversity

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Article
Publication date: 12 September 2016

Promoting safety participation through diversity and inclusion climates

Anna Paolillo, Silvia A. Silva and Margherita Pasini

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of diversity climate and inclusion climate on safety participation behaviors through the mediating effect of the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of diversity climate and inclusion climate on safety participation behaviors through the mediating effect of the motivation to actively promote safety at work.

Design/methodology/approach

Participants were 491 workers employed in four Italian metal-mechanical companies. They completed a paper questionnaire containing measures of psychological diversity climate, psychological inclusion climate, safety motivation participation and safety participation behaviors. Data were analyzed with structural equation modeling.

Findings

Results showed that safety participation motivation fully mediates the relationship between diversity climate and safety participation behaviors, whereas it partially mediates the relationship between climate for inclusion and safety participation behaviors.

Practical implications

The present findings can help managers to motivate employees in pursuing safety goals independently of compensation or obligation by creating an organization in which the main concern is caring for each other’s well-being.

Originality/value

This is the first study which has empirically tested the relationships between diversity climate, inclusion climate and safety behaviors. It has extended previous research which simply tested the effects of objective types of diversity on safety performance.

Details

International Journal of Workplace Health Management, vol. 9 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-01-2015-0002
ISSN: 1753-8351

Keywords

  • Safety
  • Climate
  • Motivation
  • Diversity
  • Inclusion
  • Participation behaviour

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2016

Psychological diversity climate: justice, racioethnic minority status and job satisfaction

Juan M. Madera, Mary Dawson and Priyanko Guchait

The purpose of this paper was to develop and test a model examining how hotel managers’ psychological diversity climate affects job satisfaction, the moderating effect of…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper was to develop and test a model examining how hotel managers’ psychological diversity climate affects job satisfaction, the moderating effect of racioethnic minority status and the mediating role of organizational justice.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of frontline managers from 164 individual hotel properties was used. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the underlying mechanism through which psychological diversity climate impacts job satisfaction.

Findings

The results found support for the mediating effect of organizational justice between managers’ psychological diversity climate and job satisfaction. Racioethnic identity moderated the relationship between psychological diversity climate and organizational justice, thereby supporting the mediated-moderated model proposed in the current research.

Practical implications

The findings show the importance of improving employee perceptions of diversity climate and organizational justice, particularly through recruitment practices, incorporating diversity into the corporate values, adopting formal diversity management practices and educating managers about the importance of diversity through formal training methods.

Originality/value

Little research has examined the underlying mechanisms that explain why psychological diversity climate affects organizational attitudes. Even less research has examined whether the link between a perceived positive diversity climate and job satisfaction is stronger for racioethnic minorities. These results provide meaningful insights for researchers because the hospitality industry is one of the largest employers of racioethnic minorities and immigrant employees.

Details

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 28 no. 11
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2015-0304
ISSN: 0959-6119

Keywords

  • Diversity
  • Job satisfaction
  • Ethnic groups
  • Hospitality management
  • Employees attitudes
  • HR

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2016

Leader inclusiveness, psychological diversity climate, and helping behaviors

Amy E Randel, Michelle A. Dean, Karen Holcombe Ehrhart, Beth Chung and Lynn Shore

The purpose of this paper is to examine how psychological diversity climate and leader inclusiveness relate to an employee’s self-reported propensity to engage in helping…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how psychological diversity climate and leader inclusiveness relate to an employee’s self-reported propensity to engage in helping behaviors toward the leader or work group. The authors also tested whether these elements operate differently for women and racioethnic minorities.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 534 respondents completed electronic surveys. Hypotheses were tested with hierarchical multiple regression.

Findings

Results indicate a positive relationship between leader inclusiveness and leader-directed and work group-directed helping behaviors, particularly when accompanied by a positive psychological diversity climate. These relationships were stronger for racioethnic minorities and women relative to racioethnic majority members and men for leader-directed helping.

Research limitations/implications

Data were self-report. Future research should incorporate data from other sources and additional outcomes.

Practical/implications

Leaders who act inclusively can obtain measurable benefits with respect to employee helping by reinforcing a diversity climate.

Social/implications

Leaders should act in ways that demonstrate that they are inclusive; coupled with a positive diversity climate, this may encourage all members to engage in helping behaviors, which may have a positive impact on society at large.

Originality/value

The authors addressed the call in past research for sending consistent signals across the organization regarding the value of diversity and inclusion.

Details

Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 31 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-04-2013-0123
ISSN: 0268-3946

Keywords

  • Diversity
  • Leadership
  • Inclusion
  • Helping

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Article
Publication date: 11 July 2016

Learning in the service environment: the influence of diversity climate

Priyanko Guchait, Juan Madera and Mary Dawson

The purpose of this paper is to examine how diversity climate in service organizations influence employee learning behavior. Additionally, the study examined the mediating…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how diversity climate in service organizations influence employee learning behavior. Additionally, the study examined the mediating effects of psychological safety and communication satisfaction between diversity climate and learning behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 128 hotel and lodging managers by administering survey questionnaires. The dual mediational model was tested using the mediation test suggested by Preacher and Hayes (2008).

Findings

Results indicated that when managers perceived a positive diversity climate they also reported high engagement in learning behavior. Additionally, the study found the mediating effects of psychological safety and communication satisfaction.

Originality/value

The importance of learning behavior has been noted by researchers and practitioners because of its influence on service performance. Learning behavior is especially important in complex, error prone, and fast changing businesses like the services industry. This research contributes to the existing body of research by examining the influence of diversity climate on learning behavior, which has not been investigated empirically in the literature. The current research not only makes a significant contribution to the learning and diversity literature, but also informs practitioners how learning behavior can be increased and how diversity climate can be created in within service organizations, in particularly hospitality.

Details

Journal of Service Theory and Practice, vol. 26 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTP-04-2015-0096
ISSN: 2055-6225

Keywords

  • Service management
  • Diversity climate
  • Psychological safety
  • Communication satisfaction
  • Learning behaviour
  • Service employees

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