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This study aims to research the job search journey of Portuguese Millennials. A job search journey is defined as the contact points between organisations and candidates throughout the job search process and the flow of this journey.

Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 13 individuals.

This paper shows that the contact points established by individuals during the first stage of their job search influence the subsequent contact points chosen to gather information about the organisation and also the journey undertaken up until the decision is made to apply for the job.

This research intends to contribute to the existing literature in two ways: it proposes a new concept which is designated the job search journey, and it maps out the job search journey of Portuguese Millennials.

Venezuela ranks fifth in the world in oil proven reserves and has the largest accumulation of liquid fuel in the world. With its importance as an oil country, many countries including the U.S. have expressed concerns about Venezuela’s current economic and political situation. Using the popular SWOT analysis, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats facing the country, are identified. The discussion and conclusions summarize the observations and address the relative tradeoffs within the country. Finally goals and policies appropriate for Venezuelan reform are presented.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the neutrality of a management control approach and verify if it incorporates North‐American values.

The paper applies a discourse analysis methodology to make evident the North‐American values involved in legitimating the rationality embedded in the practices of a management control approach.

The approach imposes North‐American values as the best choice, pretending to be neutral and context‐independent.

The paper calls attention to the need to contextualise imported management knowledge supposed to be technical, neutral and universal.

The paper contributes to the process of revealing the reproduction of Anglo‐Saxon ideologies in organisational knowledge transferred to Latin America.

The purpose of the paper is to problematise the emerging interest on international management from a critical point of view, considering the potential contribution of Latin American perspectives and to introduce the content of the special issue on “Critical international management and international critical management: perspectives from Latin America”.

The paper shows the relevance acquired recently by international management and the international advance of critical management studies, but also demonstrates their inherent limitations because of their universalistic standpoint that inhibit them to consider the governance issues of international management that are obvious from a Latin American standpoint.

The paper finds the relevance of some Latin American perspectives to break down the universalistic point of view of IM and CMS introducing a “pluriversalistic” geopolitical position to consider alternate projects to neoliberal globalisation contributing to realise the necessary decolonial shift to produce symmetrical dialogue across the border.

The paper shows that the contributions included in the special issue open new ways to critically consider and renew international management as a field of knowledge, but also demonstrates the relevance to think on the internationalisation of critical management during the recent years. They contribute to foster the new constitution of knowledge production around complex/diachronic issues reconceptualising research projects as co‐operative ventures of multiple voices and orientations from multiple places.

Farmers are increasingly diversifying their agribusinesses to adapt to new market opportunities, and for many, this has meant offering farm experiences to tourists. The purpose of this study was to examine the motivations and constraints of farm tourism microentrepreneurs in North Carolina, USA. Results from thematic analysis of interviews with 15 farmers suggest that microentrepreneurs are motivated by the flexibility to structure their time and to be outside. Farmers indicated that they are devoted to sharing their farming heritage and educate tourists about their work and community ethic. Microentrepreneurial success was defined as the ability to continue to hold on to farmland and barriers included illness, aging, and lack of support from public agencies.

Rural subaltern people are generally relegated to the role of passive tourees, allowed to informally glean bits of income not worthwhile to the formal tourism industry. However, under some circumstances, microentrepreneurs find ways to take advantage of opportunities afforded by tourism to improve their livelihoods and gain human agency. The People-First Tourism Lab employs a participatory action research methodology to investigate tourism microentrepreneurship and its effect on participating individuals and communities. In this chapter, the authors provide a background of the project implemented in the State of North Carolina, USA, explain the research methodology, and outline current and forthcoming efforts.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the historical and theoretical foundation of multicultural education in the USA. The discussion begins with a review of how diverse populations (e.g. ethnic, race, language, religious, cultural, class, and other differences) immigrated to the USA resulting in the need for multicultural sensitivities and responsiveness in the educational system. The paper describes how multicultural education has unfolded and discusses a culturally relevant pedagogy framework. The historical and theoretical contexts of multicultural education provide the foundation for determining if educational approaches are used and decisions are made that meet the needs of the diverse student population in the US public schools.

Emerging from the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s, the notion of multicultural education unfolded (Sleeter, 2000) leading to the present day where a plethora of literature exists, well informing teacher education and school districts all over the country (see the reference section for some of the represented literature). In response to a largely Eurocentric point of view and the notion of a “melting pot” mindset, multicultural education is one that unfolds out of a pluralistic perspective. While the intent of the “melting pot” concept was to recognize ethnic and cultural differences in a dynamic that would harmoniously “melt” into a unique blend of what America is, what happened was “[…] the brew turned out to be Anglo-Saxon again […] reinforce[ing] the ethnocentrism of the majority and convince ethnic minorities that their ethnicity and cultural heritage were illegitimate and hence needed to be abandoned” (Pai and Adler, 2001, p. 63).

In the final analysis, awareness of historical and theoretical contexts in light of curricular objectives, instructional approaches, and ways students are assessed is critical in order to better make educational decisions that are just and best serve a diverse student population (Duarte and Smith, 2000). Indeed, a principal goal of multicultural education is the fostering of educational equity (Banks, 2006).

The issue for the classroom teacher, therefore, is not whether there will be multiple complex challenges in encountering differences; rather, the question for the teacher is an understanding of one’s level of awareness of those differences and the contexts that frames those differences. Hence, in the end, the more aware a teacher is about concepts related to multicultural education, the more likely the movement toward educational equity will be cultivated, and the more likely the grandest social experiment in the world will fruitfully advance.

Microentrepreneurs have played a role in the tourism industry for a long time; however, they are now becoming more visible and increasingly influential stakeholders due to information technologies that enable them to reach prospective visitors, and because their economic activity is more transparent and taxable by governments. Nevertheless, tourism microentrepreneurship is still understudied, and destination practitioners are largely unprepared to fuel microentrepreneurial development and to integrate these genuine, local experiences with the formal sector components of the industry. This chapter provides an introductory overview of related knowledge as a basis for identification of themes in research on tourism microentrepreneurship.

Permatourism is a holistic approach to the study and design of equitable tourism development strategies, which leverages adaptive complex systems thinking and permaculture design principles. Permatourism advocates for the symbiosis between the formal and informal sectors of the tourism system, through creating and nurturing meaningful, functional relations among multiple actors. The formal tourism sector must embrace the sociocultural characteristics of the host community and grassroots business development strategies must be pursued to align local microentrepreneurs with expected business opportunities generated by big tourism investments. This chapter provides an overview of the conceptual foundation of this new approach as well as examples illustrating its pertinence to destination stewardship.