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Alison Paul BSc (Nutrition) and D. A. T. Southgate PhD discuss the limitations and use of food composition tables. This is the second of two articles to mark the publication of the fourth revised edition of McCance and Widdowson's The Composition of Food.

This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/14664109910306749. When citing the article, please cite: Paul Hattam, Alison Smeatham, (1999), “Evaluation of an orthopaedic screening service in primary care”, British Journal of Clinical Governance, Vol. 4 Iss: 2, pp. 45 - 49.

In 1987 the Medical Research Council's Dunn Nutrition Unit celebrated its Diamond Jubilee.1 What was the background to the Council setting up a Nutrition research establishment in 1927? Why was Cambridge chosen and why is it called the Dunn?

Food composition tables are an essential tool for anyone wishing to calculate the nutrient content of a diet, whether for use in therapeutic dietetics or in nutritional surveys both at the national and research level. They also provide much of the information on which the teaching of the nutritional values of foods is based.

This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Managers in firms fear for their own social and firm standing, and are therefore less able to change direction or admit mistakes unless shocked out of their intransience.

The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

It is generally accepted that the nutritional knowledge of the average person in the U.K. is fairly low. Recent investigations have shown, for example, that few housewives were able to name the common sources of several essential nutrients and few of them have the correct view of a well balanced meal. This lack of knowledge seems remarkable when so many people would claim to be diet conscious, when the sale of cookery books is phenomenal and when the media and food manufacturers bombard the consumer with information about nutrition. Some specialist groups of people, such as diabetics and enthusiastic slimmers, may have a better understanding of nutrition than the average person. But even among the better informed sections of the community there are important gaps in knowledge and many misconceptions about nutrition.

Scholars recognize that international marketing effectiveness requires adapting to cultural values, and at the same time, paradoxically, acknowledge the possibility of cultural convergence. The purpose of this paper is to take the context of Puerto Rico as a US territory to reconcile these two propositions by analyzing culture and gender’s influence on apparel purchase.

Via multiple regression analysis, the study considers seasonality as a factor of apparel purchase patterns, developing a consumer behavior model for the apparel industry.

Results confirm that culture influences purchase behavior, an influence moderated by gender. Additionally, they show that seasons and special occasions are strong predictors of apparel purchase patterns.

The findings assert the claims of cultural convergence, yet preserve the notion that cultural values are reflected in patterns of consumer behavior in the case of apparel.

The study develops highly explanatory models indicating that Puerto Rico expenditure reflects cultural patterns of special occasions, but overshoots expectations for its US counterpart.

The results show that Puerto Rico has appropriated several US cultural aspects (e.g. special holidays), which are expressed differently as reflected by apparel purchase behavior, supporting the notion that Puerto Rico should be treated as an international market. The study demonstrates that cross-cultural studies may be robust in absence of available Hofstede’s dimensions for a country.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a personal view of changes and trends in hospitality research since the formation of the International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Research, and the context of those changes.

A micro-auto-ethnographic approach is used based on observation and experiences of the author as an editor of a journal since 1993.

As with other forms of research, hospitality research has become commodified by universities, has been much influenced by changes in greater availability of analytical software packages, and been much influenced by new challenges in the industry, notably globalisation and the rise of Asia.

The paper provides a list of current issues for research within a context of changing demands being made on academic researchers.