Index
Mihalis Kritikos
(Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Belgium)
Ethical AI Surveillance in the Workplace
ISBN: 978-1-83753-773-0, eISBN: 978-1-83753-772-3
ISSN: 2398-6018
Publication date: 11 December 2023
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
Kritikos, M. (2023), "Index", Iphofen, R. (Ed.) Ethical AI Surveillance in the Workplace (Advances in Research Ethics and Integrity, Vol. 10), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 117-118. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2398-601820230000010046
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2024 Mihalis Kritikos and Ron Iphofen
INDEX
Index
Algorithmic audits
, 50
Algorithmic decision-making systems
, 50
Algorithmic management
, 79
Anonymous reviewer
, 104–105, 110
Appeal
, 91
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
, 1, 79, 97, 109
AI-enabled monitoring tools
, 57
workplace monitoring toolkit
, 44
Audit workplace algorithmic systems
, 49–50
Auditing technology-based monitoring systems
, 49
Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)
, 53
Brussels effect
, 109
Case-by-case approach
, 34
Certification process
, 43
Code of ethical workplace monitoring
, 41–42
Collective agreements
, 8
Collective bargaining
, 8
Compliance
, 104
Consent of employees
, 35–36
Consent-seeking mechanisms
, 35
Cost of compliance
, 107
COVID-19 pandemic
, 1, 21
Cyber Security Culture
, 46
Data gathering
, 3
Data Governance Strategy
, 29
Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
, 33–34, 42
Digital monitoring
, 25, 31
Digital skills initiatives
, 59
Digital worker
, 73
Digital workplace monitoring
, 1, 9
Digital Workplace Monitoring Integrity Board
, 26
Dove, Edward S.
, 100–102
Draft
, 71–72
Emotion recognition
, 66
Employee
, 7–8
Employee-centric approach
, 99
Enforcement of labour law
, 15
Ethical compliance
, 43–44
Ethical leadership
, 89
Ethics by design
, 83
European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP)
, 60
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound)
, 60
European Labour Authority
, 45
European Pact for Mental Health and Well-being
, 38
European Union (EU)
, 2, 97, 101
Explainability of AI monitoring tools
, 69–70
Fairness
, 108–109
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
, 18, 29, 33, 41
Health and safety rules
, 23–24
High informational asymmetries
, 75
High Level Expert Group
, 55–56
High-risk
, 77
Human in the loop approach/human oversight
, 67–68
Individual workers
, 7
Interdisciplinary methodologies
, 37
International Labour Organisation (ILO)
, 41
Justice
, 108–109
Keylogger
, 53
Keylogging
, 53
Legal obligations
, 41
Legislation
, 26–27, 103
on workplace monitoring
, 11–13
Leighton, Patricia
, 102–104
Misuse/dual use
, 87
Monograph
, 97, 108
Moratorium
, 65–66
Multi-stakeholder perspective
, 34
New normal
, 2
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)
, 24, 37–39
Ombudsman
, 47–48
Oversight Body for Workplace Monitoring
, 45–46
Penalty system
, 15–16
Policy intervention logic
, 105
Privacy
, 108–109
Psychosocial risks
, 37
Public bodies/governments
, 27–28
Publicly-funded research
, 63
Redress
, 91
Review clauses
, 27–28
Right for employees
, 17–18
Right of transparency in workplace monitoring
, 19–20
Right to disconnect
, 21–22
Right to health and safety at work
, 23–24
Risk governance
, 51–52
‘Sandbox’ initiatives
, 28
Sandboxing
, 81
Security by design
, 85
Smart tools
, 93
Standardisation
, 44
Standards Setting Organisations
, 44
Surveillance
, 1, 73, 97
surveillance/monitoring risks
, 52
Technology-enabled monitoring devices
, 38
Terzis, Georgios
, 97–100
Trade Unions/Work councils
, 8
Training
opportunities
, 59
programmes
, 59
workers on digital systems
, 59–60
Transnational collective bargaining
, 8
Transparency
, 20
of AI monitoring tools
, 69–70
Virtual workplace monitoring
, 97
Whistleblowers
, 25–26, 103
Whistleblowing
, 103
Worker
, 73
Workplace biometrics
, 53
Workplace monitoring
, 9, 25, 77
legislation on
, 11–13
policy framework
, 17
right of transparency in
, 19–20
tools
, 57
Workplace surveillance
, 1
Workplace/employee-specific data governance strategy
, 29–31
- Prelims
- Introduction: Surveillance and the Modern Workplace
- Section I: Legal Options
- 1. Putting the Employee in the Driving Seat Via Reinforced Collective Agreements
- 2. Review and Update the Current Legal Framework
- 3. Introduce Legislation on Workplace Monitoring
- 4. Introduce a Penalty System and Strict Conditionalities
- 5. Introduce the Right to Obtain an Explanation of the Decision and Challenge It
- 6. Introduce the Right of Transparency in Workplace Monitoring
- 7. Introduce the Right to Disconnect as a Fundamental Right
- 8. Introduce the Right to Health and Safety at Work in the Digital Space
- 9. Establish Legislation for the Protection of Whistleblowers and the Development of Effective Communication Corridors in the Workplace
- 10. Introduce Review Clauses on Delegated/Implementing Acts in Existing Labour Legislation and in Any Upcoming AI Legislative Proposals
- 11. Develop a Workplace/Employee-Specific Data Governance Strategy That Strengthens the Rights to Privacy and Data Protection in the Digital Workplace
- 12. Ensure Compliance with a Mandatory Data Protection Impact Assessment for Workplace Monitoring
- 13. Redefine the Concept of Consent in the Frame of Workplace Monitoring
- 14. Address Psychosocial Risks as an Essential Part of the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Legal Framework
- Section II: Governance Options
- 15. Develop a Code of Ethical Workplace Monitoring
- 16. Introduce Certification Mechanisms and Standards for Ethical Compliance
- 17. Set Up an Oversight Body for Workplace Monitoring and Other Workplace Governance/Oversight Structures
- 18. Establish an Ombudsman for Employment Affairs and Workplace Monitoring
- 19. Develop and Establish Procedural Frameworks to Effectively Audit Workplace Algorithmic Systems
- 20. Set-Up Risk Governance Structures and Algorithmic Risk Assessment Methodologies for Workplace Monitoring
- 21. Consider the Particular Risks Related to Keylogging, Workplace Biometrics, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) Practices
- 22. Set Up Bodies for Workplace Monitoring Including a High Level Expert Group on Workplace Monitoring
- 23. Update Any Existing Digital Strategy on Preventing Potential Misuse of AI-Enabled Monitoring Tools
- 24. Develop Specialised Training Opportunities for Employers and Employees Alike
- Section III: Ethics Options
- 25. Publicly-Funded Research on Workplace Monitoring Should Be Subject to a Thorough Ethics Appraisal
- 26. Consider Imposing a Moratorium on Certain Workplace Monitoring Tools
- 27. A Human in the Loop Approach/Human Oversight
- 28. The Explainability and Transparency of AI Monitoring Tools
- 29. Draft and Develop an Ethical Charter/Governance Framework
- 30. Revisit the Concepts of Worker and of Surveillance
- 31. Acknowledge and Address the High Informational Asymmetries
- 32. Workplace Monitoring Should Be Considered as High-Risk
- 33. Adopt a Broad Definition of AI and Algorithmic Management
- 34. Sandboxing
- 35. Ethics by Design
- 36. Security by Design
- 37. Misuse/Dual Use
- 38. Ethical Leadership
- 39. Appeal and Redress
- 40. Use ‘Smart’ Tools to Handle AI-Related Ethical Risks
- Bibliography
- Responses to Kritikos
- 1. Georgios Terzis
- 2. Edward S. Dove
- 3. Patricia Leighton
- 4. Anonymous Reviewer
- Postscript
- Index