Index
World Agricultural Resources and Food Security
ISBN: 978-1-78714-516-0, eISBN: 978-1-78714-515-3
ISSN: 1574-8715
Publication date: 15 July 2017
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2017), "Index", World Agricultural Resources and Food Security (Frontiers of Economics and Globalization, Vol. 17), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 289-308. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1574-871520170000017019
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2017 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
A&O. See Administration and Operations (A&O)
Abiotic inducers
, 116
Abscisic acid
, 116
Access(ibility)
, 2, 38
Acibenzolar-S-methyl
, 116
ACRE program. See Average Crop Revenue Election program (ACRE program)
Acreage reduction
, 40–41
Adaptations of agriculture
, 75
autonomous
, 75–76
crop systems
, 76–77
fisheries and aquaculture systems
, 78
livestock systems
, 77–78
Administration and Operations (A&O)
, 129
Aggregation
, 281
Agroclimate.org
, 88–89
Agricultural R&D investments
, 2
absolute increase in total caloric consumption
, 12
annual growth
of agrifood prices
, 10
of agrifood production volume
, 9
of land-augmenting technical change
, 8
cumulative R&D investments
, 12
food-security dimensions
, 2
land productivity
, 7–8
methodology
incorporation of R&D-driven technical change
, 4–5
MAGNET model
, 3
scenarios
, 5–7
ratio of unskilled wages
, 11
regions, production sectors, and periods applied
, 17
Agricultural risk coverage (ARC)
, 127
Agricultural/agriculture
, 70, 91–92, 93
adaptations
, 75
autonomous adaptation
, 75–76
crop systems
, 76–77
fisheries and aquaculture systems
, 78
livestock systems
, 77–78
agricultural-insurance programs
, 129–130
biotechnology
assessment of three regional trade agreements
, 196–200
limits of
, 200–203
Malthusian Trap
, 192–193
multilateral trading system
, 193–194
potential for biotechnology to increase agricultural productivity
, 194–196
crops
, 105
policy
, 3
productivity
, 2, 192–193
Agrifood
annual growth of agrifood production volume
, 9
prices
, 9, 10
production
, 8
Agroclimate.org
, 88–89
Agronomic advances
, 149–150
Almost ideal demand systems model (AIDS model)
, 183
American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT)
, 146
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)
, 36
Animal food system, seafood in
, 164
annual growth rates for animal-production categories
, 165
environmental issues
, 168–169
seafood trade
, 166–167
Animal protein
, 165–166
Annual growth
of agrifood prices
, 10
of agrifood production volume
, 9
of land-augmenting technical change
, 8
Anthracnose
, 110
Antibiotic use
, 169
Aphids
, 111
APHIS. See Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)
Aphis gossypii
, 111
Aquaculture
, 159
global production of seafood
, 160
seafood
in animal food system
, 164–169
production
, 161–164
systems
, 78
Aquatic animal protein
, 165
AR5. See Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)
ARC. See Agricultural risk coverage (ARC)
Army worm (Spodoptera litura)
, 111, 114
ASSCT. See American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT)
ATE. See Average treatment effect (ATE)
ATT. See Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT)
Autonomous adaptation
, 75–76
Availability
dimensions of food security
, 38
food-security dimension
, 2
Average Crop Revenue Election program (ACRE program)
, 131
Average per-capita market demand
, 211
Average treatment effect (ATE)
, 246
Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT)
, 246–247
Azadirachta indica. See Neem (Azadirachta indica)
Azuki beans (Vigna angularis)
, 106
Bacillus thuringiensis-based biopesticides
, 114
Bactrocera cucurbitae. See Melon fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae)
Bactrocera dorsalis. See Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis)
Bagasse
, 147
Bangladesh, food security in rural
data and descriptive statistics
, 248–250
economic impacts
, 242–243
empirical methodology
, 245–248
and measurement
, 243–245
results and discussion
, 251–253
See also Ethiopia, food security in
Bangladeshi Taka (BDT)
, 249–250
Barrier crops
, 114
BDT. See Bangladeshi Taka (BDT)
Beet-sugar yields
price impact of increasing
, 43–44
quantitative example of increasing
, 45–46
Bemisia tabaci. See Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)
Biodiversity
, 279–280
Biofuel(s)
, 136
policy
, 3
production
, 262
Biomass-based diesel
, 136
Biopesticides
, 114
Biosafety Protocol (BSP)
, 200
Biotechnology
, 38, 193–194
dimensions of food security
, 37–38
food security through
, 35
GM crop adoption in United States
, 36
interface between GM crop adoption and demand
, 46–48
potential for biotechnology to increasing agricultural productivity
, 194–196
price impact of increasing beet-sugar yields
, 43–44
quantitative example of increasing beet-sugar yields
, 45–46
theoretical framework
, 38
fixed sugar-beet acreage and constant beet-sugar demand
, 40–42
fixed sugar-beet acreage and reduced beet-sugar demand
, 43
impact of GM sugar beet adoption
, 39
reduced sugar-beet acreage and constant beet-sugar demand
, 40
reduced sugar-beet acreage and decreased beet-sugar demand
, 42–43
US sugar beet area, yield, and production
, 37
See also Genetically modified organism (GMO)
Black gram (Vigna mungo)
, 106
Blight pathogen (Phytophthora capsici)
, 110–111
BSP. See Biosafety Protocol (BSP)
Calibration approach
, 212
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
, 55
Canada
, 137, 180, 196–197, 199
Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)
, 194
Cane sugar
, 38, 39, 42, 43
Florida and Louisiana
, 455
increased demand for
, 42
non-GM
, 43
production and yield in Florida and Louisiana
, 146
US
, 40, 47, 49
Capsicum chinense
, 115
CARB. See California Air Resources Board (CARB)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
, 69, 109
Carbon footprint
, 54, 169
of aquaculture production
, 169
calculators
, 88
Cargill
, 152, 153
Carp
, 162, 163, 170
Cash crops
, 133
Cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta)
, 106
Cassava price
, 261, 267
CBO. See Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
CCP. See Countercyclical Payments Program (CCP)
CDC. See Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Cellulosic biofuels
, 136
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
, 176
CES production. See Constant elasticity of substitution production (CES production)
CETA. See Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA); Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA)
CGE model. See Computable general equilibrium model (CGE model)
Children
, 20, 21, 23, 87, 226
China
, 6, 30, 53, 72, 108, 163, 195, 276
CIA. See Conditional independence assumption (CIA)
Climate change
, 2, 70, 86, 90, 105, 109
and CO2
, 70–72
future research
, 80
infrastructure
, 79–80
R&D
, 79
variables
, 109
vegetable diseases and insect pests
, 109
fungal diseases
, 110–111
insect pests
, 111–112
sustainable disease and insect pest management approaches
, 112–116
Coastal flooding
, 97, 98
Codex. See Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex)
Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex)
, 202–203
Coffee-food security interface for subsistence households
empirical analysis
classification table
, 229
descriptive statistics of sample
, 224–225
household characteristics
, 226
Logit analysis
, 229–231
mean comparison between food-secure and food-insecure households
, 225–228
test of equal means
, 227–228
variable in logit food storage equation
, 229
in Jimma Zone Ethiopia
, 221
Logit analysis
, 229–231
OCFCU
, 222
survey instrument
, 223–224
Colletotrichum acutatum
, 115
Colletotrichum scovillei
, 115
Colletotrsichum spp.
, 110, 115–116
Common bean (Phaseolus)
, 106
Compliance costs
, 175, 177, 179, 181
Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA)
, 196–197, 199
Computable general equilibrium model (CGE model)
, 2, 55
Conditional independence assumption (CIA)
, 247
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
, 127
Congressional Research Service (CRS)
, 127
Conservation policy
, 134–135
Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)
, 128
Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP)
, 128
Constant elasticity of substitution production (CES production)
, 4
Consumer price index (CPIs)
, 212
Consumer wealth
, 163–164
Contaminated food
, 176
Conventional biofuel
, 136
Cooking oil prices
, 270–271
Countercyclical Payments Program (CCP)
, 131
Covered farms
, 178–179, 182
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
, 106
CPIs. See Consumer price index (CPIs)
Crop
pests and diseases
, 105
plants
, 110
production
, 196
systems
, 76–77
Cropping systems
, 72, 106
CRP. See Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)
CRS. See Congressional Research Service (CRS)
CSP. See Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP)
Cultural practices
, 112, 114
Curative measures
, 112
Dairy
, 17, 21, 24, 267, 283
farms
, 127
fat-free or low-fat
, 27
supplies
, 28
U.S. dairy industry
, 133
Dairy margin protection program (DMPP)
, 127
Dar es Salaam (DSM)
, 264–265
Data statistics
, 248–250
“Dead-end” trap crop
, 114
Deficiency of nutrition
, 20
Delta Sky
, 152–153
Demand system specification
, 210–212
Demographic variables
, 251
Descriptive statistics of sample
, 224–225
DGAC. See Dietary Guideline Advisory Committee (DGAC)
Diadegma semiclausum
, 114
Diadromus collaris
, 114
Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella)
, 111
Diet diversity
, 243, 248–249, 252
Diet-related diseases
, 104
Dietary diversity
, 2
Dietary Goals for United States (1977)
, 23
Dietary Guideline Advisory Committee (DGAC)
, 29
Dietary Guidelines
, 28
in United States
, 21
basic seven (1943–1956)
, 22
“Food Guide Pyramid”
, 23, 24
Harvard’s healthy eating pyramid
, 25
USDHHS
, 27
beyond United States
, 30
Disaster-aid programs
, 129–130
Diverse cropping systems
, 106
DMPP. See Dairy margin protection program (DMPP)
Domestic agricultural sector
, 6
Domestic food markets
, 260–261
Domestic retail-food prices
, 261–262
Domestic sugar-beet industry
, 39
Dominant leaf curl Taiwan virus
, 111
Drought
, 87
DSM. See Dar es Salaam (DSM)
Economic
costs
, 283
distribution of benefits
, 195–196
impacts
, 242–243, 277–278, 279
theory
, 200
welfare
, 20, 57–58
Economic Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ERS)
, 208
Eggplant fruit
, 113
EISA. See Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA)
El Niño/Southern Oscillation phases (ENSO phases)
, 72, 87
Elasticity of average demand
, 212
Empirical methodology
, 245–248
Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA)
, 136
ENSO phases. See El Niño/Southern Oscillation phases (ENSO phases)
Environmental
environmentally sustainable dietary guidelines
, 29
impact of FLW
, 277–278, 279
issues
, 168–169
Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP)
, 128
EPA. See United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
EQIP. See Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP)
Erysiphe cichoracearum
, 113
Ethiopia, food security in
food price shocks and their impacts
, 215–217
IFSA model
, 209
model framework
demand system specification
, 210–212
food-security indicators
, 214–215
model calibration
, 212–214
quality in food demand
, 209–210
quality scaling
, 214
See also Bangladesh, food security in rural
EU FUSIONS. See Food Use for Social Innovation by Optimizing Waste Prevention Strategies (EU FUSIONS)
EUFIC. See European Food Information Council (EUFIC)
European Commission
, 30
European Commission Resource Efficiency Roadmap
, 276
European Food Information Council (EUFIC)
, 30
European Food Safety Authority
, 30
European Union (EU)
, 6, 194, 223
Evapotranspiration
, 94
Ex-ante evaluation
, 245
Ex-post-impact evaluation
, 245
Extreme events
, 86
FAO. See Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
FAOSTAT. See Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Statistics (FAOSTAT)
Farm Bill (2014)
, 126–127, 131–133, 137
Farm Service Agency (FSA)
, 128
Farmers
, 10, 133, 152, 179, 194, 283
dairy
, 133
educating
, 284
strawberry farmers
, 89
to plant crops
, 130
seafood
, 160
smallholder
, 105, 221
U.S. dairy industry
, 133
Farms
, 177–178
FLW at farm level
, 283–284
increasing in farm size
, 152
FBS. See Food Balance Sheets (FBS)
FCS. See Food consumption score (FCS)
FDA. See United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Federal crop-insurance program
, 130, 134
Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)
, 95
Filter-feeding species
, 169
Fish
, 163, 165, 265, 268
Fisheries
, 69, 74, 78, 161, 166, 168
“Fishmeal trap”
, 168
Fixed production
, 46
Fixed sugar-beet acreage
, 46
and constant beet-sugar demand
, 40–42
and reduced beet-sugar demand
, 43
Florida, sugarcane industry in
ASSCT
, 146–147
Florida sugarcane yields
, 147–149
genetic contribution
, 149–150
See also Louisiana, sugarcane industry in
Florida’s agriculture
, 86
Agroclimate.org
, 88–89
ENSO
, 89
food security
, 86–87
Paris climate agreement impact for
, 99
SECC
, 87–88
secular trends in Florida’s climate
, 91–94
SLR
, 94–99
FLW. See Food loss and waste (FLW)
Food
access
, 74–75
accessibility
, 245
banks
, 192
categories
, 252
chain
, 281
costs
, 54, 260
demand quality
, 209–210
food-basket costs
, 266–267, 270
food-crop related commodities
, 135
food-insecure households
, 225–228
food-safety
, 176
food-secure households
, 225–228
gap
, 209
grains
, 213, 262
insecurity
, 126, 135, 243
items
, 248
loss
, 277
nutrition, and health
, 23
outlook
, 75
preferences
, 163–164
prices
, 60, 213, 215–217, 259–260
production
, 2, 72–74
retailer
, 284–285
tracker
, 26
waste
, 277
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
, 2, 30, 38, 86, 106, 160, 213, 244–245, 260, 262, 276–277
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Statistics (FAOSTAT)
, 160, 265
Food and Nutrition Board (1941)
, 21
Food Balance Sheets (FBS)
, 213
Food consumption score (FCS)
, 245
“Food Guide Pyramid”
, 23, 24
Food loss and waste (FLW)
, 276
contribution of FLW to food security objectives
, 278–279
and efficiency of resource use
, 279
further research
, 282
HLPE
, 277
methods for quantification
, 280–281
policies to reduce FLW in value chain
, 283–286
policy activities
, 282–283
and sustainability
, 279–280
Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)
, 177–179
estimated market prices of fresh tomatoes under
, 181–182
estimated profits changes for fresh-tomato producers after
, 182
Cournot price elasticities
, 183
percentage change in profits
, 186
percentage change in quantity
, 184
percentage change in revenues
, 185
US producers with small farms
, 187
Food security
, 2, 19–20, 70, 86–87, 160, 163, 192–193, 262, 277–278
through biotechnology
, 35
contaminated food
, 176
contribution of FLW to food security objectives
, 278–279
dimensions of food security
, 37–38
estimated market prices of fresh tomatoes under FSMA
, 181–182
estimated profits changes for fresh-tomato producers after FSMA
, 182–187
in Ethiopia
, 207
food price shocks and their impacts
, 215–217
FSMA
, 177–179
GM crop adoption in United States
, 36
IFSA model
, 209
implications and findings
, 72
food access
, 74–75
food outlook
, 75
food production
, 72–74
indicators
, 214–215, 246
interface between GM crop adoption and demand
, 46–48
international trade
, 78–79
method and data
, 180–181
model framework
demand system specification
, 210–212
food-security indicators
, 214–215
model calibration
, 212–214
quality in food demand
, 209–210
quality scaling
, 214
price impact of increasing beet-sugar yields
, 43–44
quantitative example of increasing beet-sugar yields
, 45–46
R&D
, 79
in rural Bangladesh
data and descriptive statistics
, 248–250
economic impacts
, 242–243
empirical methodology
, 245–248
and measurement
, 243–245
results and discussion
, 251–253
theoretical framework
, 38
fixed sugar-beet acreage and constant beet-sugar demand
, 40–42
fixed sugar-beet acreage and reduced beet-sugar demand
, 43
impact of GM sugar beet adoption
, 39
reduced sugar-beet acreage and constant beet-sugar demand
, 40
reduced sugar-beet acreage and decreased beet-sugar demand
, 42–43
US sugar beet area, yield, and production
, 37
Food Use for Social Innovation by Optimizing Waste Prevention Strategies (EU FUSIONS)
, 276
Food variety score (FVS)
, 245
Foodborne disease
, 176
Fresh tomatoes
, 180
estimated market prices
, 181–182
estimated profits changes
, 182–187
Fresh-produce sectors
, 179
Fruit worm (Helicoverpa armigera)
, 111–113
Fruits
, 21, 22–23, 25, 30, 56, 253, 285
actual intake
, 27
anthracnose
, 115
consumption
, 23
vegetable-fruit
, 22
FSA. See Farm Service Agency (FSA)
FSMA. See Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)
Fungal
diseases
, 110–111
pathogens
, 115
FVS. See Food variety score (FVS)
Gamma distribution function
, 4, 5
GAO. See United States General Accountability Office (GAO)
Garden pea (Pisum)
, 106
GDP. See Gross domestic product (GDP)
Genetic resistance and grafting technologies
, 113
Genetically engineered plant (GE plant)
, 54
Genetically modified crop (GM crop)
, 36, 194–195
corn
, 196
crops
, 201
interface between GM crop adoption and demand
, 46–48
regulatory
, 197
sugar beets
, 36, 39–40
Genetically modified organism (GMO)
, 54
analytical approach
, 55
ban
, 55
crop yields
, 56
estimating negative productivity shocks
, 57
global study results
, 61–64
US study results
, 57–61
See also Biotechnology, food security through
GHG emissions. See Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions)
GIEWS. See Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS)
Global agricultural markets
, 194
Global economy
, 3
Global food crisis
, 259–260, 262–264
Global Food Security Act (2016)
, 135
Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS)
, 213
Global population
, 193
Global seafood production
, 168
Global study results
, 61
emissions from land-use change
, 64
impacts on US crop prices and supplies
, 62
welfare impacts by region
, 63
Global Trade Analysis Project model (GTAP model)
, 3
Global vegetable production
, 106–109
Glycine. See Soybean (Glycine)
GM crop. See Genetically modified crop (GM crop)
GMO. See Genetically modified organism (GMO)
Governments
, 6, 79, 260, 284, 285
Grain(s)
group
, 25–26
production
, 208
Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae)
, 111
Green Revolution
, 2, 135
Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions)
, 54, 57–58, 70, 109
Gross domestic product (GDP)
, 3, 7, 242, 266
GTAP model. See Global Trade Analysis Project model (GTAP model)
GTAP-BIO analysis
, 55
Harmonization
, 199, 201–202
Harvesting LCP
, 85–384, 151
HDDS. See Household dietary diversity score (HDDS)
Heat-sensitive legumes
, 109
Heat-tolerant crops
, 109
Helicoverpa armigera. See Fruit worm (Helicoverpa armigera)
Herbicides
, 152
HFCS. See High fructose corn syrup (HFCS)
HFIAS. See Household food insecurity access scale (HFIAS)
Hidden hunger
, 20
High fructose corn syrup (HFCS)
, 48, 144
High Level Panel of Experts (HLPE)
, 76, 276
High-yielding sugarcane varieties
, 144, 150
HLPE. See High Level Panel of Experts (HLPE)
Horticultural crops
, 105
House Agricultural Committee
, 137
House Commerce Committee
, 137
Household dietary diversity score (HDDS)
, 245, 248–249, 250
Household food insecurity access scale (HFIAS)
, 245
Households
, 224
expenditure survey
, 245
FLW at household level
, 285
household-coping mechanisms
, 244
ICRISAT. See International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)
IFAD. See International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
IFSA model. See International Food Security Assessment model (IFSA model)
IMF. See International Monetary Fund (IMF)
IMPACT. See International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT)
Income elasticities
, 212–213
India
, 6, 30, 53, 72, 108, 163, 195, 276
Induced land-use change
, 60, 61
Industry trade organizations
, 177
Insects
, 151–152
parasites
, 147
pests
, 111
fungal diseases
, 110–111
insect pests
, 111–112
and relation to climate change
, 109
sustainable disease and insect pest management approaches
, 112–116
Institute of Home Economics of USDA
, 21–22
Instrumental variable (IV)
, 247
Integrated pest management strategies (IPM strategies)
, 103, 112, 147
Intercropping
, 114
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
, 70, 95
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)
, 248
International Food Security Assessment model (IFSA model)
, 209
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
, 75, 214
International Life Sciences Institute Europe
, 30
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
, 135
International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT)
, 1–2
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
, 262–263
International organizations
, 262–263
International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
, 202–203
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
, 135
International Service for Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications (ISAAA)
, 36
International trade
, 78–79
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
, 77
Intervention
, 282, 283
government
, 208
pest management
, 112
policy
, 278
IPCC. See Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
IPM strategies. See Integrated pest management strategies (IPM strategies)
IPPC. See International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
IRRI. See International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
ISAAA. See International Service for Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications (ISAAA)
IUCN. See International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
IV. See Instrumental variable (IV)
Khat sales
, 222, 225, 232
King-tide events. See Nuisance flooding
Land
land-augmenting technical change
, 5, 7, 8
prices
, 9
productivity
, 3, 5, 7–8, 13, 240
use
, 3, 27, 54, 60, 134
changes
, 60, 86
emissions
, 55, 64
LCP
, 85–384, 150–151
Leaf wetness duration (LWD)
, 89
Leafhoppers
, 111
Legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata)
, 111, 113, 114
Leucinodes orbonalis. See Shoot borer (Leucinodes orbonalis)
Likelihood ratio test
, 251–252
Livestock systems
, 77–78
Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA)
, 264–265
Logit analysis
, 229–231
Long-term sustainable agricultural production
, 2
Looting
, 192
Louisiana, sugarcane industry in
, 148
disease, insects, and weed infestation
, 151–152
mechanical harvesting
, 150–151
mechanical-harvester adoption and increase in farm size
, 152
private research and development
, 152–153
sugarcane
plant-breeding efforts
, 150
prices
, 154
production costs
, 153–154
See also Florida, sugarcane industry in
Louisiana State University (LSU)
, 150–151
LSMS-ISA. See Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA)
LSU. See Louisiana State University (LSU)
LWD. See Leaf wetness duration (LWD)
MAGNET model. See Modular Applied GeNeral Equilibrium Tool model (MAGNET model)
MAgPIE. See Model of Agricultural Production and its Impact on the Environment (MAgPIE)
Maize production
, 261, 267
Malnutrition
, 20, 104
Malthusian Trap
, 192–193
Management systems
, 77, 163, 167
Manihot esculenta. See Cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta)
Market
, 282
economy
, 37–38
estimated market prices of fresh tomatoes under FSMA
, 181–182
food vendors
, 225
market-price changes
, 181
transactions
, 4
US sugar
, 38
Maruca vitrata. See Legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata)
Matching estimators
, 246, 251
MEA. See Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEA)
Meats
, 21, 22–23, 27
Mechanical harvesters
, 144, 150–151
adoption
, 152
Melia azedarach
, 114
Melon fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae)
, 111
Micronutrient deficiencies
, 20
Middle East
, 6, 17, 64, 259
Middle of Road scenario
, 5
MILC program. See Milk Income Loss Contract program (MILC program)
Milk
, 21, 22–23, 93, 133, 252, 253
dried-milk powder
, 133
production
, 28
Milk Income Loss Contract program (MILC program)
, 133
Model of Agricultural Production and its Impact on the Environment (MAgPIE)
, 2
Modern market economies
, 192
Modular Applied GeNeral Equilibrium Tool model (MAGNET model)
, 3, 6, 17
Molecular markers
, 115
Monetization
, 137
Morbidity
, 20
Mortality
, 20
Mtwara
, 269, 270, 272
Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEA)
, 200
Multilateral trading system
, 193–194
Multiregion CGE model
, 3
Mungbean (Vigna radiata)
, 106
Myzus persicae. See Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae)
National Bureau of Economic Research model (NBR model)
, 183
National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
, 91
National Climate Assessment (NCA)
, 90, 91
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
, 70, 87, 100
National School Lunch Program
, 28
NBR model. See National Bureau of Economic Research model (NBR model)
NCA. See National Climate Assessment (NCA)
NCDs. See Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)
NCEI. See National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
Nearest neighbor matching (NNM)
, 247
Neem (Azadirachta indica)
, 114
Negotiations
, 197, 199, 204
ambition
, 200
harmonization
, 202
SPS
, 202
TPP
, 198
TTIP
, 198
Neoclassical recursive dynamic multisector
, 3
Nexus of dietary guidelines and food security
deficiency of nutrition
, 20
dietary guideline in United States
, 21–27
dietary guidelines beyond United States
, 30
USDA Dietary Guidelines
compliance with
, 27–28
effects of income and access on
, 28–29
future of
, 29
NGOs. See Non-government organizations (NGOs)
NNM. See Nearest neighbor matching (NNM)
NOAA. See National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
non-GM soybeans
, 196
Non-government organizations (NGOs)
, 126
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)
, 104
Nonfarm
economy
, 252–253
employment
, 242–243
engagement in
, 242
Nonparametric approaches
, 245
Nontradeable foods
, 261
Nuisance flooding
, 97
Nutrition
, 277–278
Obesity
, 104
OCFCU. See Oromia Coffee Farmers Cooperative Union (OCFCU)
ODHWS. See Office of Defense, Health, and Welfare Services (ODHWS)
OECD. See Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Off-farm work
, 246, 252
Off-farm-labor participation
, 230
Office of Defense, Health, and Welfare Services (ODHWS)
, 21
OIE. See World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)
Oilseeds
, 131, 262
Oomyzus sokolowskii
, 114
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
, 79, 276
Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis)
, 114
Oromia Coffee Farmers Cooperative Union (OCFCU)
, 222
Oromo language
, 223
Own-labor entitlements
, 37–38
Own-price elasticities
, 212–213
Panic buying
, 192
Parametric approaches
, 245
Parasites, insect
, 147
Parasitoids
of diamondback moth
, 114
insect
, 147
Paris climate agreement impact for Florida agriculture
, 99
Partial equilibrium models (PE models)
, 2
PE models. See Partial equilibrium models (PE models)
Peanuts
, 132
Per-capita
food expenditures
, 252
food-consumption
, 248–249, 250
income
, 242
Phaseolus. See Common bean (Phaseolus)
“Physical Activity Tracker”
, 26
Phytophthora capsici. See Blight pathogen (Phytophthora capsici)
PIGLOG formulation. See Price-independent generalized logarithmic formulation (PIGLOG formulation)
Pisum. See Garden pea (Pisum)
Plant-breeding efforts, sugarcane
, 150
PLC. See Price loss coverage (PLC)
Plutella xylostella. See Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella)
Policy
activities
, 282–283
failure
, 282
makers
, 276
to reducing FLW in value chain
, 283–286
PPP. See Purchasing power parity (PPP)
Precipitation patterns
, 70, 71, 72, 94, 109
Predators, insect
, 147
Preferential trade agreements
, 194, 196–197
Prevention-based controls
, 177
Price
increases
, 209, 215, 217
impact of increasing beet-sugar yields
, 43–44
for sugarcane
, 154
support programs
, 131–134
transmission equation
, 213
Price loss coverage (PLC)
, 127
Price-independent generalized logarithmic formulation (PIGLOG formulation)
, 209, 210, 211
Private R&D
, 152–153
Production
costs of sugarcane
, 153–154
of improving varieties
, 148
production-based entitlements
, 37–38
Productivity
, 73
Propensity score estimation
, 251
Propensity score matching (PSM)
, 246
Protein-rich foods
, 21
Pseudo-R2 test
, 251–252
PSM. See Propensity score matching (PSM)
Psophocarpus. See Winged bean (Psophocarpus)
Public agricultural R&D
, 4
investment in MAGNET
, 6
Public R&D sector
, 1, 3, 4, 135, 153
Publically funded research
, 4
Publicly funded agricultural R&D
, 135
Purchasing power parity (PPP)
, 3
Quality
in food demand
, 209–210
scaling
, 214
Quantification of FLW, methods for
, 280–281
R&D. See Research and development (R&D)
Rainfall
, 92, 110, 134, 208
Ralstonia solanacearum
, 115, 116
Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)
, 21
Reduced sugar-beet acreage
and constant beet-sugar demand
, 40
and decreased beet-sugar demand
, 42–43
Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments (RISA)
, 88
Regional trade agreements, assessment of
, 196–200
Renewable energy sources
, 2
Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS)
, 126, 136
Research and development (R&D)
, 2, 77, 79, 127, 144, 161–162, 193
with and without trade
, 145
in international trade
, 145
private
, 152–153
publicly funded agricultural
, 135
R&D-driven technical change, incorporation of
, 4–5
Research programs
, 152
Resilient cropping systems
, 106
Resistant cultivars
, 113
Rest of the World (ROW)
, 180
Restaurant level, FLW at
, 286
Retailer level, FLW at
, 284–285
Revenue
changes
, 184–185
support programs
, 131–134
RFS. See Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS)
Rice
, 261, 267
RISA. See Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments (RISA)
Risk Management Agency (RMA)
, 129
ROW. See Rest of the World (ROW)
Rural economy
, 242
Rural households
, 243, 249–250, 252–253
SAM. See Social accounting matrix (SAM)
SAS. See Strawberry Advisory System (SAS)
SDGs. See Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Sea level rise (SLR)
, 90, 94
Seafood
, 160
in animal food system
, 164
annual growth rates for animal-production categories
, 165
environmental issues
, 168–169
seafood trade
, 166–167
seafood production
, 161–164
SECC. See Southeastern Climate Consortium (SECC)
Secular trends in Florida’s climate
, 91–94
Seed producers
, 283
Segmentation
, 3
Shared Socioeconomic Pathways #2 (SSP2)
, 5
Shoot borer (Leucinodes orbonalis)
, 111, 113
Shrimp production
, 169
SLR. See Sea level rise (SLR)
Small farms
, 178–179, 243
Smallholders
, 222, 224
SNAP. See Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Social impact of FLW
, 277–278, 279
Social accounting matrix (SAM)
, 4
Socioeconomic variables
, 251
Soda apple (Solanum viarum)
, 114
Solanum lycopersicum
, 116
Solanum viarum. See Soda apple (Solanum viarum)
Soup kitchens
, 192
Southeastern Climate Consortium (SECC)
, 87–88
Soybean (Glycine)
, 106
price
, 59–60
Spodoptera litura. See Army worm (Spodoptera litura)
Sporadic market participation
, 229
SSB. See Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)
SSP2. See Shared Socioeconomic Pathways #2 (SSP2)
Stability, food-security dimension
, 2, 38
Stakeholders
, 30
Standards
, 197, 201–203
Strawberry Advisory System (SAS)
, 88–89
Sub-Saharan Africa
, 7, 9
growth of food prices in regions
, 10
Sugar beets
, 36–37, 40, 143–144
acreage
, 39
fixed sugar-beet acreage and constant beet-sugar demand
, 40–42
fixed sugar-beet acreage and reduced beet-sugar demand
, 43
reduced sugar-beet acreage and constant beet-sugar demand
, 40
reduced sugar-beet acreage and decreased beet-sugar demand
, 42–43
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)
, 144
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Tax Act (SWEET Act)
, 48
Sugarcane
, 40
Sugarcane Disease Detection Laboratory
, 152
yields and production
Florida and Louisiana cane sugar-yield regression results
, 155
sugar beets
, 143–144
sugarcane industry in Florida
, 146–150
sugarcane industry in Louisiana
, 150–154
theoretical framework
, 144–145
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
, 48
Supply chain
, 284
Sustainability
, 106, 152, 279–280
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
, 104
Sustainable Development Solutions Network
, 104
Sustainable disease and insect pest management approaches
, 112–116
Sustainable food system
, 277–278
SWEET Act. See Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Tax Act (SWEET Act)
Tanzania case
composition and cost of typical diet
, 264–271
domestic food markets
, 260–261
FAO
, 260
global food crisis
, 262–264
nontradeable foods
, 261
Tanzania National Panel Survey (TZNPS)
, 264–265
Tanzanian National Bureau of Statistics (TNBS)
, 264–265
Tariff-rate quota (TRQ)
, 38
Technology
adoption
, 148
technological advances
, 149–150
Terrestrial animal protein
, 165
Theil’s entropy measure
, 211
Thrips
, 111
TNBS. See Tanzanian National Bureau of Statistics (TNBS)
Tomato farms
, 180
Total domestic demand (D
T)
, 42–43
Total market demand
, 211
TPP. See Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)
Trade
agreements
assessment of three regional
, 196–200
limits of trade agreements
, 200–203
imbalance
, 167
seafood
, 166–167
trade-based entitlements
, 37–38
trade-inhibiting direct effects
, 194
Traditional crops
, 147
Traditional wholestalk harvesters
, 151
Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)
, 194
negotiations
, 198–199
Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)
, 194
negotiations
, 198
Transportation systems
, 167
Trap cropping
, 114
TRQ. See Tariff-rate quota (TRQ)
TTIP. See Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)
Two-row wholestalk harvesting
, 151
Type 2 diabetes
, 104
Typical diet, composition and cost of
, 264
calorie and cost shares of foods in average tanzanian diet
, 265
cooking oil prices
, 270–271
DSM food basket
, 266
food and petrol prices and food-basket costs
, 266
real food costs, Tanzanian shillings/month
, 269
real food prices, national average
, 268
sugar prices
, 270–271
Tanzanian maize and rice production
, 267
wheat and flour prices
, 270
TZNPS. See Tanzania National Panel Survey (TZNPS)
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)
, 276–277
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
, 99
United States
, 4, 36, 199
National Academy of Sciences
, 21
study results
, 57–61
sugar market
, 38
sugar policy
, 144, 150
US-Canada Trade Agreement
, 202–203
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
, 137
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
, 21, 36, 40, 54, 86, 128, 265
Dietary Guidelines
, 20–21
compliance with
, 27–28
effects of income and access on
, 28–29
United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service (USDA/ERS)
, 45, 176, 180
United States Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA/FAS)
, 180, 208–209
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS)
, 148
United States Department of Health (USDH)
, 23
United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS)
, 27
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
, 54, 136
EPA-approved insecticides
, 147
United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
, 54, 176, 177, 178
United States General Accountability Office (GAO)
, 137, 279
U.S. Agricultural Policy
, 126–128
assessment
, 129
agricultural-insurance and disaster-aid programs
, 129–130
conservation policy
, 134–135
price and revenue support programs
, 131–134
publicly funded agricultural R&D
, 135
renewable fuels standard (2007)
, 136
U.S. food-aid programs
, 136–138
U.S. dairy policy program
, 133
U.S. disaster-aid programs
, 130
U.S. food-aid programs
, 126, 136–138
US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
, 91
U.S. International Food-aid Programs
, 126
U.S. rural households
, 129
USAID. See United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
USDA. See United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
USDA-ARS. See United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS)
USDA/ERS. See Economic Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ERS); United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service (USDA/ERS)
USDA/FAS. See United States Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA/FAS)
USDA/NASS. See USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA/NASS)
USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA/NASS)
, 180–181
USDH. See United States Department of Health (USDH)
USDHHS. See United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS)
USGCRP. See US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
Utilization, food-security dimensions
, 2, 38
Value chain, policies to reducing FLW in
, 283
FLW at farm level
, 283–284
FLW at household level
, 285
FLW at restaurant level
, 286
FLW at retailer level
, 284–285
FLW at wholesale level
, 284
Varietal resistance
, 152
VDSA. See Village Dynamics Studies in South Asia (VDSA)
Vegetable(s)
, 21, 22–23
diseases and relation to climate change
, 109
fungal diseases
, 110–111
insect pests
, 111–112
sustainable disease and insect pest management approaches
, 112–116
production
climate change
, 105
global vegetable production
, 106–109
NCDs
, 104–105
resilience of farming systems
, 105–106
vegetable diseases and insect pests relates to climate change
, 109
Vigna angularis. See Azuki beans (Vigna angularis)
Vigna mungo. See Black gram (Vigna mungo)
Vigna radiata. See Mungbean (Vigna radiata)
Vigna unguiculata. See Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis. See Yard-long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)
Village Dynamics Studies in South Asia (VDSA)
, 248
Viroids
, 112
Warming land temperatures
, 71
Waste Management and Food Policy
, 276
Weed infestation
, 151–152
Welfare
global economic
, 60
impacts by region
, 63
results
, 62–63
US
, 61
Well-stocked supermarket shelves
, 192
WFP. See World Food Program (WFP)
Wheat
, 261
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)
, 111
Wholesale level, FLW at
, 284
Wild vegetable species
, 106
Winged bean (Psophocarpus)
, 106
WMO. See World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
World Economic Forum
, 276
World Food Program (WFP)
, 70, 243
World Health Organization
, 30, 104
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
, 73
World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)
, 202–203
World price transmission
, 217
World Trade Organization (WTO)
, 78, 127, 166
World Trade Organization Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (WTO/SPS)
, 193–194
World Vegetable Center
, 115
WTO. See World Trade Organization (WTO)
WTO/SPS. See World Trade Organization Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (WTO/SPS)
Yard-long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)
, 106
Yield(s)
, 73, 149
cereal
, 2
shocks
, 55, 58
- Prelims
- Assessing the Impact of Agricultural R&D Investments on Long-Term Projections of Food Security
- The Nexus of Dietary Guidelines and Food Security
- Food Security through Biotechnology: The Case of Genetically Modified Sugar Beets in the United States
- What Would Happen If We Don’t Have GMO Traits?
- Climate Change and Food Security: Threats and Adaptation
- Climate Change and Food Security: Florida’s Agriculture in the Coming Decades
- Vegetable Production, Diseases, and Climate Change
- U.S. Agricultural Policy: Impacts on Domestic and International Food Security
- Sugarcane Yields and Production: Florida and Louisiana
- Aquaculture: Its Role in the Future of Food
- Food Security and the Food Safety Modernization Act
- Agricultural Biotechnology and Food Security: Can CETA, TPP, and TTIP Become Venues to Facilitate Trade in GM Products?
- Assessing Food Security in Ethiopia
- The Coffee-Food Security Interface for Subsistence Households in Jimma Zone Ethiopia
- Assessing Food Security in Rural Bangladesh: The Role of a Nonfarm Economy
- Food Costs during the Food Crisis: The Case of Tanzania
- Food Loss and Waste as an Economic and Policy Problem
- Index