Academia.edu
, 189–90
case study
, 185, 193–208
number of times used
, 200
users
, 197–200
graduate students
, 197
identifying selves on
, 28
uses of site
, 201–6
connecting with other researchers
, 204–6
posting/reading research articles/papers
, 202–4
staying abreast of news/developments
, 206
updating profile information
, 201, 202
see also academic social networking sites
Academic Bill of Rights (ABOR)
, 8
academic freedom
, 3–32
blogs/blogging see blogs/blogging
Canadian legislation
, 8–9
collective agreements see collective agreements
defining, for librarians
, 6–8
disclaimers, use of
, 16–17, 26, 28–9
faculty associations
, 6, 14–17, 30, 32
legal costs of academic staff
, 30–1
freedom of expression/speech
, 6, 7, 8–9, 12, 13–14
critical expressions
, 18–19, 29–30
defamation see defamation
fear of legal action
, 21, 29–30
fear of repercussions
, 19
new communication technologies
, 5, 19–27
student comments
, 22
history of academic librarianship and
, 9–11
institutional autonomy
, 7, 16
intellectual freedom and
, 6, 8, 11–14
as a privilege
, 16
religious restrictions
, 16
social media/social networking
, 17, 20–7
blogs/blogging see blogs/blogging
collective agreements
, 22
disclaimers
, 23–4, 26, 28–9
expressing critical views
, 29–30
fear of legal action
, 21, 29–30
freedom of expression/speech
, 19–27
identifying self on
, 28
legal liability
, 24
mixed personal/professional postings
, 21, 23
policies and guidelines
, 22–7, 28
professional concerns
, 27–31
student comments
, 22
survey
, 17–19, 27–31
tenure and
, 6, 7, 14, 21
academic librarians
blogs/blogging see blogs/blogging
collective agreements see collective agreements
evaluation of materials
, 4–5
faculty associations
, 6, 14–17, 30, 32
history of academic librarianship and academic freedom
, 9–11
intellectual freedom
, 6, 8, 11–14
in postsecondary education
, 10–11
academic social networking sites (ASN sites)
case study see Academia.edu
challenges in studying
, 190–3
Mendeley
, 189
ResearchGate
, 189
user perceptions of impact of
, 207–8
Whitley’s theory
, 185, 190–3, 195–6
degree of mutual dependence
, 191, 195–6, 199–200, 203, 207
degree of task uncertainty
, 191–2, 195–6, 203, 207
see also scholarly communication; social media/social networking
Allen County Public Library
, 262
American Association of University Professors (AAUP)
, 6–7, 9, 10, 26, 27
American Journal of Medicine, The
, 121
American Journal of Psychiatry, The
, 121
American Library Association (ALA)
, 9
accreditation standards
, 48–9
code of ethics
, 48
Intellectual Freedom Principles for Academic Libraries
, 13
Ann Arbor Public Library
, 255
Arapahoe Public Library
, 263
Askey, Dale
, 33–5, 26, 27
Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB)
, 52, 5454–5, 56
Association of American Colleges
, 9
Association of American Colleges and Universities (AAC&U)
, 9
Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL)
, 9, 10, 11–12, 13
Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC)
, 7
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP)
, 115, 116, 129–31, 138
Bancroft et al. v. Governing Council of the University of Toronto (1986)
, 8
blogs/blogging
defamation lawsuits
, 4, 21, 24, 25–6
disclaimers
, 23–4, 26, 28–9
freedom of expression/speech
, 20
fear of legal action
, 21, 29–30
generally
, 20, 21, 28
legal liability
, 24, 25–6
library blogs
, 262
mixed personal/professional postings
, 21, 23, 31
policies and guidelines
, 22–7, 28
political genre
, 21
see also microblogs/microblogging; social media/social networking
BMJ Rapid responses
, 138
Brain and Behavioral Science (BBS)
, 125–6
British Columbia Library Association (BCLA)
, 13
broadband contract design
, 99
business ethics education see ethics education
Canadian Association of College and University Libraries (CACUL)
, 13, 14
Canadian Association of Professional Academic Librarians (CAPAL)
, 14
Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL)
, 13–14
Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT)
, 4, 14, 27, 31
Collective Agreement database
, 15, 22
defining academic freedom
, 6–7
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
, 8, 9, 12, 13, 19, 22
Canadian Library Association (CLA)
, 13
Canton Public Library
, 255
Chicago Public Library
, 253, 255, 262
Cleveland Public Library
, 262
collective agreements
academic freedom
, 9, 14–17, 18, 20
disclaimer of personal/individual viewpoints
, 16–17
legal restrictions
, 16
new communication technologies
, 22
religious restrictions
, 16
social media/social networking
, 22
Columbus Metropolitan Library
, 262
Communications Decency Act
, 26
community collection building
, 97–8
community seed library
, 101–2
competencies see professional competencies
crowdsourcing
, 253, 254, 255
collection development
, 100–1
Current Anthropology
, 124, 126
Danish Agency for Libraries and Media
, 88–9
defamation
burden of proof
, 25–6
lawsuits
, 3–5, 7, 25–6
legal costs of academic staff
, 27, 30–1
legal liability
, 24, 25–6
SLAPP lawsuits
, 4, 5
social media/social networking
blogs/blogging
, 4, 21, 24, 25–6
fear of legal action
, 21, 29–30
Denver Public Library
, 253, 257
Digital Humanities (DH) spaces
, 229, 233
e-mail reference services
, 262
Edwin Mellen Press
, 3–4, 7, 27
electronic communication technologies
freedom of speech and
, 5, 19–27
policies and guidelines
, 22–7
see also social media/social networking
Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence (ETAI)
, 115, 116, 126–9, 138
ethics education
, 47–76
academic scope
, 60–7
ALA code of ethics
, 48
business ethics coursework
, 52–3
capstone course
, 72–4
college experience
, 52–3, 57
employer expectations
, 53–4, 57
ethical disposition
, 71–2
ethical information culture
, 51
ethics codes
, 48, 50–1
enforcement mechanisms
, 48, 50
influence on behaviour
, 51–2
organizational culture and
, 51
ethics coursework
, 52–3, 63–4
goals of business ethics education
, 63–5
information field
, 48–50
learning objectives
, 73
learning outcomes
, 55, 66–7
literature review
, 50–4
management programs
, 54–6
organizational culture
, 49, 50, 51, 65
personal scope
, 51, 62–3, 68–70
home and religion
, 68–9
individual nature
, 70
outside influences
, 69–70
professor’s role, skill and ability
, 67
research project
, 57
data analysis
, 59–60
data collection
, 58–9
results
, 60–72
schedule of interview questions
, 79
subjects
, 57–8
specific cases and experiences
, 65–6
stand-alone ethics courses
, 74–5
working experience
, 52
workplace influences
, 50–1
Facebook
, 190, 205, 241, 255, 256, 257
academic librarians, use by
, 20, 28
academic libraries
, 243, 260, 261
age of users
, 248
cocreation of content
, 253
disclaimers
, 29
freedom of expression
, 22, 23, 24–5
identifying self on
, 28
management tools
, 258
monitoring
, 249
outreach strategies
, 252, 253
pastoral care
, 251
photo postings
, 246
popularity/use
, 242, 244, 260, 261
profile page
, 247, 249
promoting information resources and services on
, 243, 244, 245, 246
public libraries
, 243, 244
social care
, 250
video postings
, 246
see also social media/social networking
Faculty of 1000 (F1000)
, 115, 116, 131–6, 138
F1000 Prime
, 132–4
F1000 Prime Reports
, 134
R1000 Research
, 134–6
faculty associations
academic freedom
, 6, 14–17, 30, 32
collective agreements see collective agreements
legal costs of academic staff
, 30–1
Family Medicine Online Database (FMOD)
, 148–9
Fayetteville Free Library
, 262
First Amendment Project (FAP)
, 5
First Amendment to the United States Constitution
, 7, 8, 19–20
Flickr
, 23, 242, 245, 246, 252, 253, 254, 260
Florida State University (FSU)
Scholars’ Commons
, 221, 222, 224, 225, 226, 227–8, 231, 233
food trucks
real time updating
, 255
Foursquare
, 242, 252, 254, 255, 258, 260
freedom of expression/speech see academic freedom
George Mason University
, 221, 233–4
graduate commons see Scholars’ Commons
health information retrieval
data analysis
, 160–1
comprehension analysis
, 167–71
document characteristics analysis
, 161–3
medical accuracy analysis
, 171–5
motivational analysis
, 175–7
precision analysis
, 163–7
effect of terminology
, 145–80
Family Medicine Online Database (FMOD)
, 148
generally
, 145, 146–7
Google
, 147, 154
Health Information Query Assistant (HIQuA)
, 149, 150
health literacy
, 150, 177–8, 180
assessment
, 150, 155
definition
, 150
iMed
, 148
medical accuracy
analysis
, 171–5
assessment
, 156
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
, 148
medico-scientific terminologies
, 147–50
MedlinePlus
, 147
MedSearch
, 148
methodology
context features
, 157, 158–9
health literacy assessment
, 155
information needs and queries
, 153–4
medical accuracy assessment
, 156
readability assessment
, 156–7
research questions
, 152
retrieval systems
, 154
search procedure
, 154–5
tasks
, 154
topic familiarity assessment
, 155–6
users
, 157
personalized query suggestion system
, 178–9
query suggestion systems
, 145, 148, 179, 180
personalized
, 178, 179
readability
, 150, 152, 180
assessment
, 156–7, 161–2
topic familiarity
, 145, 178, 179, 180
assessment
, 155–6
influence of
, 150–2
query formation and
, 151
Unified Medical Language System (UMLS)
, 147, 149
Health On the Net Foundation (HON)
, 154
Homelands Securities Act
, 8
Information Commons
, 216, 217, 221
see also Scholars’ Commons
information society
, 89–90
knowledge society distinguished
, 90
informational world cities
, 89
Instagram
, 241, 242, 251, 258, 261, 262
popularity/use
, 244, 245, 246, 248
intellectual capital assets
, 81, 90
definition
, 82–3
explicit knowledge
, 83
human capital
, 82, 83
individuals
, 83
knowledge facilitation
, 85, 92–3
librarians as knowledge citizens
, 98–105
libraries as knowledge organizations
, 94–8
libraries
, 83
organizations
, 82–3
professional competencies
, 81, 85–7, 106
behavioral competencies
, 85, 86, 106
functional competencies
, 85, 86
local knowledge
, 107
not covered by professional associations
, 86, 87
systems thinking
, 106
relational capital
, 82, 83
structural capital
, 82, 83
see also knowledge cities; knowledge economy; knowledge society; library science education
intellectual freedom
academic freedom and
, 6, 8, 11–14
defining
, 6, 11, 12
mission statements
, 12–13
privacy and
, 8
International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA)
, 20
Internet
, 88
health information see health information retrieval
open peer review
, 115, 116, 125–6, 137
scholarly communication
, 187–8
see also academic social networking
see also social media/social networking
Journal of Clinical Investigation, The
, 120
Journal of Medical Internet Research
, 138
Kansas State University
, 4, 26
Keyishian v. Board of Regents
, 1967 7
knowledge cities
, 88, 90–105
definition
, 91
knowledge facilitation
, 92–3
knowledge transactions
, 91, 92, 93
librarians as knowledge citizens
, 98
advising on broadband contract design
, 99
community seed library
, 101–2
crowd-sourced collection development
, 100–1
future scenarios
, 99–105
knowledge transfers among rural academic libraries
, 104–5
rural community knowledge elicitation
, 102–4
state prison environment
, 99–100
libraries as knowledge organisations
, 94
community collection building
, 97–8
future scenarios
, 94–8
program planning
, 96–7
reference exchange
, 94–5
technical services exchange
, 95–6
knowledge economy
, 81, 82
defining
, 82
intellectual capital assets see intellectual capital assets
knowledge transactions
, 91, 92, 93
transition from industrial economy
, 81, 82–7
knowledge moments
, 92, 104, 107
knowledge society
Bedford’s five-faceted model
, 90–1
future scenarios
, 81
information society distinguished
, 89–90
informational world cities
, 89
intellectual capital assets see intellectual capital assets
librarians’ role in
, 81–108
local knowledge
, 107
management culture
, 107
nature of
, 81
science cities
, 87–8, 91
technopolies
, 87, 88, 91
transformation to
, 87–90
transition from industrial society
, 81, 82–7
Learning Commons
, 216, 217
see also Scholars’ Commons
library and information studies
definition
, 48–9
library science education
, 83, 85, 108
nontraditional sources of learning
, 106
professional competencies see professional competencies
LinkedIn
, 23, 28, 189, 205, 241, 244, 258
McGill University
, 10, 15–16
Mckinney v. University of Guelph (1990)
, 8
McMaster University
, 3, 4, 15, 16, 26, 27, 233
Makerspaces/Fab Labs
, 262
Manchester City Library, New Hampshire
, 245
medico-scientific terminologies
, 147–50
see also health information retrieval
Miami Dade Public Library
, 245, 253, 262
microblogs/microblogging
, 242, 244–5
academic librarians
, 20, 21, 28
freedom of expression/speech
, 20
mixed personal/professional postings
, 21
see also blogs/blogging; social media/social networking
MySpace
, 190, 242, 257, 261
Nashville Public Library
, 255, 262
New England Journal of Medicine, The
, 121
New York Public Library
, 253
New York University (NYU)
Scholars’ Commons
, 222, 224, 225, 226, 227–8, 229, 232–3
New Zealand public libraries
, 89
Oakland Public Library
, 254
Oakville Public Library
, 255
partnerships
Scholars’ Commons
, 225–6, 230–2
peer review
bias
, 115, 116, 122–3, 136
alphabetical discrimination
, 122–3
female authors
, 122
low-status institutions
, 123
editors
, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121
generally
, 115–16
history of
, 116–19
impartiality
, 122
information overload
, 119–20, 136
medical practice
, 117–18
modern peer review
, 120–3
open peer review
, 115, 123–4
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP)
, 115, 116, 129–31, 138
Brain and Behavioral Science (BBS)
, 125–6
Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence (ETAI)
, 115, 116, 126–9, 138
Faculty of 1000 (F1000)
, 115, 116, 131–6, 138
Internet, impact of
, 115, 116, 125–6, 137
post-peer review
, 130, 131, 138
Psycoloquy
, 125
Sol Tax
, 124
post-peer review
, 130, 131, 138
publish or perish syndrome
, 122
scientific journals
, 116–19, 121, 129
secrecy
, 115, 116, 123, 136
tenure and
, 122, 123
Philosophical Transactions, The
, 116–17
Pinterest
, 241, 242, 255, 258, 260, 261
co-creation of content
, 253–4
freedom of expression
, 25
popularity/use
, 244, 246
profile page
, 247
Pridgen v. University of Calgary
, 22
privacy
intellectual freedom and
, 8
social media use and
, 252, 259–60
professional competencies
, 81, 85–7, 106
behavioral competencies
, 85, 86, 106
functional competencies
, 85, 86
local knowledge
, 107
not covered by professional associations
, 86, 87
systems thinking
, 106
see also library science education
publish or perish syndrome
, 122
qualitative research
, 57, 72
Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms
, 9
Queen’s University
, 10, 16
Rogers, Brian MacLeod
, 26
Royal Society
The Philosophical Transactions
, 116–17
rural academic libraries
knowledge transfers among
, 104–5
rural community knowledge elicitation
, 102–4
St. Michael’s University
, 16
scholarly communication
changing nature of
, 188–9
generally
, 185–8, 217
informal communication
, 186–7, 188
invisible college
, 186–7
scientific journals
, 186
social networking see academic social networking sites
Scholars’ Commons
, 215–36
benefits of
, 220–1
characteristics
, 223
Digital Humanities (DH) spaces
, 229, 233
future research
, 233–4
leadership
, 232–3
literature review
, 217–20
new organizational structures
, 226–8, 232–3
new use of space
, 222, 224, 229
partnerships
, 225–6, 230–2
segmented services
, 224–5, 230
staffing issues
, 226–8
Science Citation Index (SCI)
, 123
scientific journals
peer review
, 116–19, 121, 129
scholarly communication
, 186
scientific revolutions
, 118
Simon Fraser University
Faculty Association (SFUFA)
collective agreement
, 15
Framework Agreement (2007)
, 12
social media guidelines
, 23–4
SLAPP (strategic litigation against public participation)
, 4, 5
social media/social networking
academic freedom
, 17, 20–7
blogs/blogging see blogs/blogging
collective agreements
, 22
disclaimers
, 23–4, 26, 28–9
expressing critical views
, 29–30
fear of legal action
, 21, 29–30
freedom of expression/speech
, 19–27
identifying self
, 28
legal liability
, 24
mixed personal/professional postings
, 21, 23
policies and guidelines
, 22–7, 28
professional concerns
, 27–31
student comments
, 22
academic sites see academic social networking sites
in libraries
, 241–63
age of users
, 244–5, 248–9
cocreation of content
, 253–4
crowdfunding
, 254–5
crowdsourcing
, 100–1, 253, 254, 255
cyberbullying etc
, 251, 252
digital curation
, 246
engaging with users
, 250
gamification
, 255
impact assessment
, 257
management tools
, 258
measuring/assessing results of activities
, 256–9, 261–2
monitoring
, 249–50, 252
most popular sites
, 244
motivating users
, 255–6
outreach
, 252–3
participation and engagement
, 247–9
pastoral care
, 250–2
photo sharing
, 245–6
policies
, 259–60
privacy
, 252, 259–60
profile/profile page
, 247–9, 252
promoting information resources and services
, 243–6
real time updating
, 255
resolving user issues
, 250
selecting sites
, 244–6
social care
, 249–50
social tagging
, 255
teen advisory boards (TABs)
, 252
number of users
, 241–2
policies
, 248–9
smartphones
, 244, 262
state prison environment
, 99–100
Sweezy v. New Hampshire
, 1957, 7
technical services exchange
, 95–6
tenure
academic freedom and
, 6, 7, 14, 21
peer review and
, 122, 123
Topeka Shawnee County Public Library
, 253
Tripadvisor
, 242, 252, 254, 258
Tumblr
, 242, 248, 249, 260, 262
age of users
, 244–5, 248
Twitter
, 241, 242, 243, 255, 256, 257, 262
academic librarians, use by
, 20, 21, 28
academic libraries
, 260
age of users
, 245, 248
cocreation of content
, 253
freedom of expression
, 23, 24, 25
management tools
, 258
monitoring
, 249
outreach strategies
, 252, 253
pastoral care
, 251
popularity/use
, 244, 260
profile page
, 247, 249
promoting information resources and services on
, 244, 245, 246
public libraries
, 244
real time updating
, 255
social care
, 249
video postings
, 246
web links
, 246
see also blogs/blogging; microblogs/microblogging; social media/social networking
Unified Medical Language System (UMLS)
, 147, 149
United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1949)
, 9, 11, 12, 20
University of Alberta
, 16
University of British Columbia
, 24
University of Calgary
, 21–2
University of Colorado, Denver
, 4
University of Guelph
, 8, 23
University of Massachusetts Amherst
, 221
University of Northern British Columbia
, 15
University of Toronto
, 7, 8, 10, 15, 16, 17
University of Virginia
, 233
University of Washington (UW)
Scholars’ Commons
, 222, 224, 225, 226, 227–8, 230, 233
University of Waterloo
, 15, 16
University of Western Ontario
, 16, 17
Vancouver Public Library (VPL)
, 244, 256
Vimeo
, 242, 245, 253, 260
weblogs see blogs/blogging
Westport Public Library
, 262
Wilson v. University of Calgary
, 22
York University
, 16, 17, 27
YouTube
, 23, 24, 28, 242, 245, 252, 253, 260