Prelims
ISBN: 978-0-58-547441-0, eISBN: 978-0-08-042764-5
Publication date: 31 March 1997
Citation
Caves, R. and Gosling, G. (1997), "Prelims", Strategic Airport Planning, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Leeds, p. i. https://doi.org/10.1108/9780585474410-016
Publisher
:Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Copyright © 1999 Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Prelims
Half Title Page
Strategic Airport Planning
Disclaimer Page
Cover photo © 1995 SoftKey International Inc.
Plan of Austin-Bergstrom International Airport reproduced with permission.
Title Page
Strategic Airport Planning
Robert E. Caves
Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering and Transport Studies Loughborough University of Technology Loughborough, Leicester, U.K.
Geoffrey D, Gosling
Institute of Transportation Studies University of California Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.
United Kingdom – North America – Japan
India – Malaysia – China
Copyright Page
Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, UK
Copyright © 1999 Emerald Group Publishing Limited
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying issued in the UK by The Copyright Licensing Agency and in the USA by The Copyright Clearance Center. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the text, illustrations or advertisements. The opinions expressed in these chapters are not necessarily those of the Editor or the publisher.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-0-58-547441-0
List of Tables
Table 3.1 | Styles of planning | 46 |
Table 3.2 | The strategic planning process | 47 |
Table 3.3 | UK airport annual passengers and growth by size class | 54 |
Table 4.1 | Percentage of short haul flights in western Europe and the USA by market type. | 75 |
Table 4.2 | Comparative European hub performance | 78 |
Table 4.3 | General Aviation activity in the United States | 86 |
Table 5.1 | Economic impacts of two major US airports | 105 |
Table 5.2 | Monthly trips per employee in high technology industries | 106 |
Table 6.1 | FAA project appraisal weightings | 150 |
Table 6.2 | Criteria for evaluating projects | 151 |
Table 6.3 | Stand productivity per turnround | 159 |
Table 7.1 | Travel choice model parameter comparison | 181 |
Table 8.1 | Passenger growth (%) at European airports, 1994/1993 | 203 |
Table 9.1 | Flight Plan Phase III alternatives | 265 |
Table 10.1 | The Roskill Commission cost benefit analysis | 276 |
Table 10.2 | Comparative growth factors, 1994/1990 a) Scheduled b) Charter | 284 |
Table 10.3 | Traffic projections with and without expansion at Heathrow a) The base case b) The Heathrow option | 293 |
Table 10.4 | Seat factors and yields at Gatwick relative to Heathrow | 302 |
Table 11.1 | European airport runway capacity utilisation | 332 |
Table 11.2 | UK international scheduled traffic | 33 |
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 | Historic trend in real fares | 2 |
Figure 1.2 | Worldwide traffic growth | 2 |
Figure 2.1 | Change in noise impact at Heathrow | 23 |
Figure 3.1 | Dimensions of airport system planning | 41 |
Figure 3.2 | The continuous planning process | 44 |
Figure 3.3 | Planning relationships | 45 |
Figure 3.4 | Risk criteria for communities around airports | 66 |
Figure 4.1 | The effect of hubbing on narrowbody turnround times | 96 |
Figure 5.1 | Options for Manchester's new runway | 123 |
Figure 6.1 | Operating costs of UK airports, 1994/95 a) Operating expenditure b) Operating expenditure per work load unit | 135 |
Figure 6.2 | Operating surplus per work load unit | 142 |
Figure 7.1 | Conversion of Bergstrom Air Force Base, Austin, Texas | 168 |
Figure 7.2 | Typical ratios of annual to peak hour traffic | 174 |
Figure 9.1 | MSP 2005 noise contours - No action alternative | 238 |
Figure 9.2 | MSP airport configuration - No action alternative | 239 |
Figure 9.3 | Proposed MSP development alternative | 245 |
Figure 9.4 | Location of new airport alternative | 246 |
Figure 9.5 | MSP 2010 Long-Term Comprehensive Plan | 248 |
Figure 9.6 | MSP 2020 Concept Plan | 249 |
Figure 9.7 | Projected average aircraft delay at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport | 255 |
Figure 9.8 | Flight Plan Project Schedule | 256 |
Figure 9.9 | Forecast of air travel demand - Puget Sound Region | 259 |
Figure 9.10 | Locations of alternative airport sites - Puget Sound Region | 264 |
Figure 10.1 | The London area airports | 274 |
Figure 10.2 | Third parallel runway options for Heathrow | 286 |
Figure 10.3 | Cumulative percentage departures per week at Heathrow | 287 |
Figure 10.4 | Shares of London Airport passengers | 297 |
Figure 10.5 | Stansted shares of origin zone passengers | |
a) International scheduled trips through Stansted from surrounding zones | 298 | |
b) International charter trips through Stansted from surrounding zones | 299 | |
Figure 10.6 | Gatwick share of London domestic routes | 300 |
Figure 10.7 | Gatwick share of London international routes | 301 |
Figure 10.8 | Effect of frequency on Gatwick share of London short haul market | 301 |
Figure 10.9 | Regional shares of UK international markets a) Scheduled passengers b) Charter passengers | 309 |
Figure 13.1 | Traffic at southern Scottish airports | 373 |
Figure 13.2 | Traffic at Belfast airports | 374 |
Figure 13.3 | Traffic at New York airports | 376 |
Figure 13.4 | Traffic at Sao Paulo and Rio | 378 |
Figure 13.5 | Traffic at Paris airports | 379 |
Figure 13.6 | Traffic at Montreal and Toronto | 381 |
Figure 13.7 | Shares of regional passengers | 382 |
Figure 13.8 | Liverpool shares of northwest passengers | 383 |
Figure 13.9 | Leeds/Bradford shares of northwest passengers | 383 |
Preface
The aim of the book is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of past strategic planning of airport systems, and to attempt to provide guidance on how the concept of strategic system planning can be used to advantage in the future. It is an attempt to return to the ground which was so well covered some 20 years ago by Richard de Neufville in his book: “Airport System Planning”. The need to update and extend this work, as well as the challenge in doing so, arise from the subsequent changes in the structure of the air transport industry and the contexts within which it must work. The industry is increasingly becoming liberalised, privatised and globalised. However, the intended competition is sometimes seriously constrained by lack of physical and environmental capacity or by the economic forces that shape the behaviour of the operators. At the same time, the planning context is becoming more sensitive to sustainability issues and to calls for integrated transport solutions to address increasing levels of congestion.
The need for a strategic systems view has never been greater, as entrepreneurial stakeholders attempt to create and take advantage of their own comparative advantages. Those in government need to understand the system behaviour and the extent to which it may be necessary to intervene in the provision of facilities, and how air transport may best be fitted into other transport policies, Equally, the entrepreneurs need to understand what their natural roles may be and what they would need to do to move away from those roles.
The content of the book stems from studying past attempts to prepare national and regional strategic system plans in a variety of contexts, as well as from noting the lack of a systems context in many individual airport master planning studies. The ideas presented in this book have been honed by discussions with colleagues and students on postgraduate and short courses in Berkeley, Loughborough and ITA in Brazil, as well as numerous professional colleagues throughout the aviation industry, though all responsibility for these ideas rests with the authors. Among those at Loughborough who have influenced the work are Norman Ashford, David Gillingwater, Lloyd Jenkinson and David Pitfield. Colleagues at Berkeley whose work and ideas have shaped the thinking in this book include David Gillen, Mark Hansen and Adib Kanafani. Thanks go to them, to Henrique Gennari whose PhD helped to structure some of the strategic planning ideas, to Darren Rhodes for his PhD work on an integrated aircraft design model, and to all others whose work has been relevant, whether it is attributed in the text or has trickled into our consciousness in a less formal way. Thanks also to Mary Ashworth who compiled and formatted the text. Finally, thanks to those whose lives have been so disrupted by the prolonged production of the text, namely Anna Caves and Katie Korzun, without whose tolerance and good humour the task would never have been completed.
- Prelims
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Evolving Context of Airport Planning
- 3 Towards a Strategic View of Planning
- 4 Understanding Aviation System Behaviour
- 5 Community Response to Airport Development
- 6 Economics of Airport Development
- 7 Regional Airport System Planning
- 8 National Airport System Planning
- 9 United States Experience
- 10 The United Kingdom Case
- 11 The European Union Case
- 12 National Airport Planning Cases
- 13 Competing Roles for Airports
- 14 Towards Improved Strategic Planning
- 15 Conclusions
- References
- Index