Index
The Sustainable Marketing Concept in European SMEs
ISBN: 978-1-78754-039-2, eISBN: 978-1-78754-038-5
Publication date: 14 May 2018
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2018), "Index", Rudawska, E. (Ed.) The Sustainable Marketing Concept in European SMEs, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 301-312. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78754-038-520180017
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2018 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Aluminium packaging
, 88, 89
American Marketing Association (AMA)
, 67, 218–219
Analytical Center Expert Ural
, 176
Approval market
, 104
Artificial products (PRO-8)
, 281
Augmented product
, 87
Brands
, 90, 192, 231
image and competitive advantage
, 47
premiumization
, 133
sustainability
, 25, 90–91
Business
activity
, 151–152
contemporary
, 54–56
environment
, 16, 211
model
, 54–55
modern digitalization
, 14
incorporating sustainability into
, 56–62
sustainability business models
, 55
in twenty-first century
, 2
Business Relationships, Accountability, Sustainability and Society (BRASS)
, 166
Business to business (B2B)
, 24
B2B markets
, 176, 191
percentage of business sector
, 181
relationships
, 125, 130
Business to customer (B2C)
, 24
markets
, 176, 191
percentage of business sector
, 181
CEEP CSR LABEL
, 89
Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)
, 203, 275, 286
countries
, 280
managers
, 219, 226
market
, 281–282
Central European countries
, 247
Certification
, 88
OHSAS 18001 health certificate
, 90
product certification
, 99
and standardization
, 281
sustainable product certificates
, 88–90
Chain of product origin
, 98
Classical marketing
, 218
Climatic changes
, 82, 135–136
Co-creation
, 91
Co-relation
, 84
Communication
communicating engagement
, 286
promotion-related sustainability marketing for two groups of countries
, 268
strategy
, 73
sustainability marketing relating to
, 261, 263–267
Company
operations
, 191
strategy
, 62
Competition
, 129–131
Computer-assisted telephone interviewing method (CATI method)
, 176
Computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI)
, 176
Consolidation process
, 195
Consumer Laurels 2017
, 90
Consumers
, 126
segments
, 123
Contemporary business
, 54–56
Contemporary lifestyle changes
, 133
Contemporary SMEs in Europe
causes and effects in contemporary SMEs’ development
, 23
country business climate and sustainability
, 21–25
creating shared values and diversity challenges
, 16–21
SME integration in global business environment
, 14–16
See also Small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Convenience of post-use
, 102
Convenience of use
, 102
Cooperation
, 98, 104
Core product
, 86–87
Corporate objectives
, 92, 199, 211
Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
, 17, 18
Corporate strategy over time, sustainability marketing significance for
, 236–238
Corporate sustainable approach
, 24
Cost types
, 92
Cost-based pricing
, 93
Country business climate as SMEs development trends
, 21–25
Cradle-to-cradle concept
, 86, 97
Creating shared values and diversity challenges
, 16–21
Cronbach’s alpha
, 275
Cross-industry collaboration
, 98
Curative marketing
, 24
Customer
, 256
Demarketing
, 95
Design for disassembly
, 97
Destructive activity of enterprise
, 82
Development
, 24, 124
See also Socio-economic development; Sustainable development
Deviations of social nature
, 82
Dimensions
of sustainability
, 57
of sustainable development
, 36–43
Distribution, sustainability marketing relating to
, 254, 256–261
Downstream channel members
, 98
Drink industry
, 4, 7, 168
Drivers of sustainability marketing
, 227–230
Easter period
, 177
Eastern European countries
, 247
Ecological factor in marketing strategy
, 221–222
Ecological indicator, success measurement via
, 222–223
Ecological marketing
, 68
Ecological sensitivity
, 108
Economic dimension
of sustainability
, 57
of sustainable development
, 39–40
Economic vitality, environmental quality and equal opportunity (3 Es)
, 56
Economic(s)
, 131–132
crisis
, 32, 122, 126, 150, 207
factor in marketing strategy
, 221–222
and market factors
, 21
objectives
, 201
process
, 231–232
success measurement via economic indicator
, 222–223
sustainability
, 36
ECSIP Consortium
, 130, 131–132
Electronic waste
, 98
Email
, 265
EMAS
, 61
Emerging World Economies
, 132
Emission Trading System (ETS)
, 127
Emotional involvement of employees
, 112
Empirical research
, 218
Employee-Friendly Employer
, 90
Employees
, 108
openness
, 108
people-related sustainability marketing for two groups of countries
, 274
sustainability marketing relating to
, 267, 269–273
sustainability marketing strategy to employee recruitment and loyalty
, 223, 224
Employer
, 110
Enterprise
, 82, 149
broken down into particular sectors
, 153
destructive activity
, 82
marketing as key driver of sustainable enterprises
, 62–67
operating on beverage manufacturing market
, 156–157
operating on food, beverages and tobacco retail market
, 158
operating on services market
, 159
operating on wholesale of food, beverages and tobacco market
, 157
sustainable development in
, 56
See also Small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Entrepreneurialism
, 146, 150
Environment(al)
changes
, 135–136
dimension of sustainable development
, 37–39
dimensions of sustainability
, 57
impact
, 243
management standards
, 281
marketing strategy on
, 223–225
pollution
, 82
and social issues
, 292
sustainability
, 36
Environmental management standards (PRO-12)
, 246–247, 281
Environmental protection agencies (EPA)
, 42
Environmentally friendly packaging (PRO-2)
, 280–281
Ethical and fair principles of cooperation (DIS-1)
, 285
Ethical code
, 109
Ethical rules of cooperation
, 259
EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EU SDS)
, 44
Europe 2020 Strategy
, 32–33
European countries
, 243
European Economic and Social Committee (EESC)
, 127
European food & beverage sector, SMEs in
, 151
business activity type
, 151–152
division of activities
, 154
dominance of SMEs
, 158–159
enterprise
, 154–155
food industry production volume
, 160
market share of MSMEs
, 155–158
number of enterprises broken down into particular sectors
, 153
number of enterprises operating on beverage manufacturing market
, 156–157
number of enterprises operating on food, beverages and tobacco retail market
, 158
number of enterprises operating on services market
, 159
number of enterprises operating on wholesale of food, beverages and tobacco market
, 157
structure of food products and drink industry
, 155
European food and drink industry
, 4
European Food Prices Monitoring Tool
, 125
European Political Strategy Centre (EPSC)
, 126, 127, 128–129
European Union (EU)
, 19–20, 128
fiscal policy
, 127
FLEGT
, 38–39
food and drink industry
, 125–126, 129
food safety law
, 134
standards
, 144
‘External’ costs
, 93
Fair trade, sustainability and
, 124–125
Fairtrade
, 124
Fairtrade Foundation
, 124, 166
Fairtrade Movement
, 125
FIBL-IFOAM-SOEL Group
, 128
Finance market
, 104
Financial objectives
, 201, 204
Five-point Likert scale
, 173
Food and beverage industry in EU
, 122
challenges and opportunities
, 129
competition
, 129–131
competitiveness
, 122–123
economics
, 131–132
environmental changes
, 135–136
legislation and government regulations
, 134–135
organic products
, 128–129
political changes
, 131
social factors
, 132–133
sustainability
, 125–128
sustainability and fair trade
, 124–125
technology and innovation factors
, 133–134
trends/challenges
, 123
Food and drink industry/sector
, 122, 243, 259, 275
Food consumption
, 133
Food industry
, 4, 6–7, 168
Food standards agencies
, 135
FoodDrinkEurope organization
, 4
Foodies
, 133
Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade Action Plan (FLEGT)
, 38–39
Forming process
, 97
Future product
, 87
Giving activities
, 95
Glass packaging
, 88, 89
Global business environment, SME integration in
, 14–16
Global Climate Change Alliance Plus (GCCA + )
, 38
Global financial crisis
, 131
Global socio-ecological changes
, 199
Global traceability of products
, 134
Global warming effect
, 1–2
Globalization
, 14
GMOs
, 123, 134
Green marketing. See Ecological marketing
Green transport
, 100
Greenies
, 133
Gross domestic product (GDP)
, 18–19, 127
Gross value added creation structure
, 178
Guarantees
, 88
Happy planet index (HPI)
, 168
Health
, 24
Healthies
, 133
Honest and ethical practices (DIS-3)
, 285–286
Honesty and ethics of cooperation
, 285–286
Human development index (HDI)
, 168
Indicators
, 43
fundamental sustainable development
, 45–46
market share
, 182
net profit
, 182
sales revenue
, 182
sales volume
, 182
Innovation factors
, 133–134
Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP)
, 127, 129
Integrated product life cycle
, 86
Internal organizational process
, 204–205
Internal policy
, 96
International Institute for Sustainable Development
, 34
International marketing research
, 167
International Monetary Fund
, 168
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
, 33
ISO 14000 and 14001 standards
, 90
ISO 14001 standards
, 61
ISO 26000 standards
, 112
Line extension
, 91
Logistics
, 259
Macro-marketing
, 68
Making, marketing activities
, 83
Managerial knowledge of sustainability marketing concept
implementation of sustainability marketing concept
, 227–236
managers’ attitudes towards sustainability marketing
, 218–225
managers’ knowledge on sustainability marketing concept
, 225–227
significance for corporate strategy over time
, 236–238
Managerial marketing
, 65
Managers’ attitudes towards sustainability marketing
, 218
economic, social and ecological factors in marketing strategy
, 221–222
focus of marketing activity
, 218–220
marketing strategy on society and environment
, 223–225
success measurement via economic, ecological and social indicators
, 222–223
sustainability marketing strategy to employee recruitment and loyalty
, 223, 224
Market
, 149
approval
, 104
CEE market
, 281–282
finance market
, 104
orders market
, 104
organic market
, 129
Russian market
, 153
sales market
, 104
share indicators
, 182
share of MSMEs
, 155–158
single market
, 122, 123
Market orientation (MO)
, 56
Market-penetration pricing
, 93
Marketing
, 3, 24, 83–84, 166, 298
activity
, 218–220
contribution to economic well-being
, 65
as key driver of sustainable enterprises
, 62–67
marketing-oriented companies
, 98
role in sustainability issues
, 293–294
Marketing mix tools conceptualization
, 273
Cronbach’s alpha
, 275
eigenvalues and percentages of variance
, 282
measuring scales for individual constructs
, 276–280
price terms of cooperation
, 286
reliability coefficients
, 281
sustainable communication
, 284
sustainable distribution
, 284
sustainable people
, 285
sustainable price
, 283
sustainable product
, 283
work safety and transparency of cooperation factor
, 287
Marketing strategies
, 293
economic, social and ecological factors in
, 221–222
on society and environment
, 223–225
Material product life cycle. See Integrated product life cycle
Mission statement
, 58, 204
Modern digitalization of all business processes
, 14
MSME Country Indicators 2014
, 150
MSMEs
, 147
in food and drink sector
, 174
share in total number of enterprises, employment, and added value
, 151
Multi-sustainability brands
, 91
Multinational companies (MNCs)
, 15
Naming sustainability brands
, 90–91
National Classification of Activities
, 175–176
National Statistics Database Spark
, 176
Net profit indicators
, 182
New sustainability brands
, 91
No extra boxes or bags (PRO-3)
, 281
Nomenclature statistique des activités économiques dans la Communauté européenne (NACE)
, 152
Non-GMO
, 123
Non-misleading descriptions on the packaging (PRO-5)
, 280–281
Non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test
, 173
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)
, 19
OHSAS 18001 health certificate
, 90
Orders market
, 104
Organic
agriculture development
, 128
farms
, 99
market
, 129
products
, 128–129
Organization
activities
, 176
of logistics processes
, 260
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
, 42
Packaging
, 87
type
, 88, 89
utilization methods
, 88
Paper packaging
, 88, 89
People, planet and profit (3 Ps)
, 56
People, sustainability marketing relating to
, 267, 269–273, 274
Perception of price by companies
, 92
Perception of price by customers
, 92
Personnel management
, 111
Place, sustainability marketing relating to
, 254, 256–261, 262
Plastic packaging
, 88, 89
Platinum
, 98
Political changes
, 131, 134
Positioning sustainability brands
, 91
Post-use costs
, 92
Prestige pricing
, 93
Price
, 92
price-related sustainability marketing for two groups of countries
, 255
pricing terms
, 260
in relation to pro-social and pro-ecological investments
, 282
sustainability marketing relating to
, 248, 251–254
terms of cooperation
, 286
Prizes and awards for sustainability marketing
, 235–236
Pro-social and pro-ecological engagement (DIS-2)
, 286
Pro-social and pro-environmental costs
, 285
Product
certification
, 99
of PDOs
, 135
of PGIs
, 135
product-related sustainability marketing for two groups of countries
, 249–250
sustainability marketing relating to
, 242–248
of TSGs
, 135
utilization costs
, 92
Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People tools (5P tools)
, 84
Production process (PRO-9)
, 243, 281
Promotion, sustainability marketing relating to
, 261, 263–267, 268
Protected Designation of Origin (PDOs)
, 135
Protected Geographical Indication (PGIs)
, 135
Purchase costs
, 92
Purchasing power parity (PPP)
, 168
Quality
, 88
Quantitative and qualitative perspective of SMEs
, 142–150
Quantitative research approach
, 167
Research
, 172
conceptualization of research project
, 166–173
design
, 169
methods of reaching respondents in individual countries
, 174–177
research methodology flowchart
, 170
structure of respondents
, 177–183
See Small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Respondents
declarations
, 199, 209–211
methods of reaching respondents in individual countries
, 174–177
structure of
, 177–183
Restoration
, 24
Retailers
, 124
Reverse flow
, 97
Reverse logistics
, 97
Reverse translation
, 172
Russian market
, 153
SA 8000 clean production programme
, 90
Sales market
, 104
Sales revenue indicators
, 182
Sales volume indicators
, 182
Sampling process
, 177
Seahorse
, 88
Segmentation, targeting and positioning (STP)
, 72
Shared economy
, 95
Single Market
, 123
opportunities
, 122
Sistema de Análisis de Balances Ibéricos database (SABI database)
, 175
Small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
, 3, 7, 14, 15, 86, 142, 146, 218, 247, 294, 296, 297
approaches to size of enterprise based on number of employees
, 143–144
assessment of challenges facing
, 196–197
assessment of impact of environmental factors on strategies and goals
, 193, 194
assessment of importance of strategic objectives
, 202
challenges in business environment of SMEs
, 188–199
changes in system of objectives of SMEs
, 199–206
comparison with large enterprise
, 148–149
countries applying additional criteria of enterprises classification
, 145
country business climate and sustainability as SMEs development trends
, 21–25
EU guidelines
, 146
in European food & beverage sector
, 151–160
in food and drink sector
, 203
in global economy
, 15
influence of business environment factors on objectives and strategies
, 189–190
integration in global business environment
, 14–16
mission
, 205, 206
nature of
, 82–84
operating in food and drink sector
, 171
predispositions
, 149–150
pricing strategies, comparison of
, 93
promotional mix tools
, 105–107
quantitative and qualitative perspective
, 142
role of SME sector
, 150–151
strategy
, 208–209, 210
sustainability issues in strategies
, 206–211
sustainable communication
, 103–108
sustainable distribution
, 96–103
sustainable employees
, 108–112
sustainable price
, 92–96
sustainable product
, 84–92
universal dimension
, 149–150
See also Contemporary SMEs in Europe
Social and environmental issues (PRO-11)
, 281
Social dimension
of sustainability
, 57
of sustainable development
, 40–43
Social factors
, 132–133
in marketing strategy
, 221–222
Social indicator, success measurement via
, 222–223
Social marketing
, 68
Social media
, 265
Social objectives
, 201, 212, 226, 233, 294
Social process
, 231–232
Social sensitivity
, 108
Social sustainability
, 36
Social trends
, 132
Socio-demographic changes
, 133
Socio-ecological criteria
, 72
Socio-ecological economic incentives
, 17–18
Socio-economic development
conceptualization of marketing mix tools
, 273, 275–287
disparities in
, 5
people, sustainability marketing relating to
, 267, 269–273, 274
place, sustainability marketing relating to
, 254, 256–261, 262
price, sustainability marketing relating to
, 248, 251–254, 255
product, sustainability marketing relating to
, 242–248, 249–250
promotion, sustainability marketing relating to
, 261, 263–267, 268
Spatial limitation
, 35
Speciality food and drink products (SFDPs)
, 135
Stake, issues at
, 35
Stakeholders
, 30, 44, 58, 219, 265
identification
, 60
Statistica software
, 173
Stricter government policy
, 131
Suppliers, characteristics of
, 259
Supply chain
, 101
Sustainability
, 31, 62, 125–128, 207, 291, 292
business models
, 55
components
, 208–209, 210
of ecosystem
, 135
and fair trade
, 124–125
research
, 218
as SMEs development trends
, 21–25
SMO
, 56–62
three pillars of
, 36–37
Sustainability brands
, 90, 91
creation
, 90
extension
, 91
Sustainability marketing (SM)
, 3, 22–23, 67–75, 69, 84, 101, 172–173, 218, 259, 291, 292–293
associations with
, 225–227
awareness of term
, 225
barriers for implementing
, 233–235
benefits expected from implementation
, 230–233
challenges in business environment of SMEs
, 188–199
changes in system of objectives of SMEs
, 199–206
components of sustainability and SMEs strategy
, 208–209, 210
implementation
, 227
level of sustainability marketing implementation
, 227
managers’ knowledge
, 225–227
mix
, 72, 73
myopia
, 91
prizes and awards for
, 235–236
reasons for and drivers
, 227–230
significance for corporate strategy over time
, 236–238
strategy to employee recruitment and loyalty
, 223, 224
sustainability issues in strategies of SMEs in food and drink sector
, 206–211
Sustainability marketing tools
, 8
conceptualization of marketing mix tools
, 273, 275–287
nature of
, 82–84
promotional mix tools
, 105–107
relating to people
, 267, 269–273, 274
relating to place
, 254, 256–261, 262
relating to price
, 248, 251–254, 255
relating to product
, 242–248, 249–250
relating to promotion
, 261, 263–267, 268
sustainable communication
, 103–108
sustainable distribution
, 96–103
sustainable employees
, 108–112
sustainable price
, 92–96
sustainable product
, 84–92
Sustainable 2030 Agenda
, 128
Sustainable business model
, 56, 203
Sustainable communication
, 103–108, 275, 284
Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP)
, 126
Sustainable development
, 16, 29, 30, 65, 246
definition
, 33–36
dimensions
, 36–43
in enterprise
, 56
historical notions
, 31–33
in marketing
, 242
measurement for sustainable development
, 43–46
principles of
, 195–197
process of organization management in
, 59
strategies
, 272
strong
, 36
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
, 38, 39, 41
Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs)
, 44
Sustainable distribution
, 96, 275, 280, 284
activities/components
, 96–97
disintermediation
, 100
elements required for certificate application
, 99
establishment of
, 102–103
perspective of sustainability marketing
, 101–102
scope of
, 97–98
sustainable relationships
, 98–100
Sustainable employees
, 108–112
promotional mix tools
, 108–107
Sustainable enterprises
creation
, 62
marketing as key driver of
, 62–67
Sustainable generation
, 292
Sustainable management principles
, 207
Sustainable market orientation (SMO)
, 56, 57
incorporating sustainability into business strategies
, 56–62
marketing as key driver of sustainable enterprises
, 62–67
SM
, 67–75
sustainable development and changing perspectives
, 54–56
Sustainable marketing. See Sustainability marketing (SM)
Sustainable packaging and product composition
, 281
Sustainable packaging and production process
, 281
Sustainable people
, 275, 285
Sustainable price
, 92–96, 275, 283
Sustainable product
, 84, 243, 275, 281, 283
attractiveness of various packaging types
, 89
certificates
, 88–90
customers
, 91–92
impacts on sustainable product creation
, 90–91
implementing
, 85–86
marketing tool
, 84–85
packaging
, 87–88
product-related issues
, 86–87
Sustainable promotional mix
, 104–107
Sustainable supply chain
, 101
‘Sustainable’
, 32, 69, 253
Sustaincenterism
, 57
Symposium on Sustainable Consumption (1994)
, 71
Systematic communication
, 103
Taking
, 83
Tangible product
, 87
Technical stage of sustainable product
, 86
Technological stage of sustainable product
, 86
Technology
, 133–134
Telephone
, 265
Time banks
, 95
Time horizon
, 35, 294
Traditional methods
, 83
Traditional Speciality Guaranteed (TSGs)
, 135
UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)
, 32
Unique selling point (USP)
, 87
United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (UNCSD)
, 71–72
United Nations Commission on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
, 31
United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP)
, 31, 33, 42
Upstream channel members
, 98
Urban social sustainability
, 41
Use costs
, 92
Value system
, 58, 205, 206
Value-based pricing
, 93
Vis-à-vis employees
, 111
Volatile global economy
, 22
Wasting, marketing activities
, 83
Weak sustainable development
, 35–36
Western Europe
, 275
managers
, 221–222
SMEs
, 297
Work safety and transparency of cooperation factor
, 287
Work–life balance (WLB)
, 272
World Trade Organization (WTO)
, 42
World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
, 33
Written mission statement
, 201, 203, 213
- Prelims
- Introduction
- Part I The Theoretical Basis for the Development of Sustainability Marketing Concept in SMEs
- Chapter 1 Business Environment Challenges and Trends for Contemporary SMEs in Europe
- Chapter 2 The Concept of Sustainable Development
- Chapter 3 From Sustainable Market Orientation to Sustainability Marketing
- Chapter 4 Sustainability Marketing Tools in Small and Medium Enterprises
- Part II SMEs Operating in the Food & Drink Industry as Beneficiary of Sustainability Marketing
- Chapter 1 Food and Drink Industry in Europe and Sustainability Issues
- Chapter 2 Small and Medium Enterprises in the Food and Beverage Sector – The Potential of the European Market
- Chapter 3 Methodological Aspects of the Research on Sustainability Marketing in SMEs
- Part III The Implementation of Sustainability Marketing in SMEs – A Comparative Analysis of Selected European Countries
- Chapter 1 The Place of Sustainability Marketing Activities among the Objectives of SMEs
- Chapter 2 Managerial Knowledge of the Concept of Sustainability Marketing
- Chapter 3 The Scope of Application for Sustainability Marketing Tools in Markets with Different Levels of Socio-economic Development
- Summary
- Index