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They face continued competition from Catholics and mainstream Protestants, as well as Muslims, and their influence over heads of state can wax and wane. However, as measured by…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286225
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Adherence to Shiism remains relatively small-scale in West Africa, though numbers are difficult to pin down, and al-Zakzaky is not the only prominent Shia leader in the region.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285582
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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More recently, this has involved widely publicised claims that Russia is skirting international sanctions by using African gold from mines seized by proxy forces to help finance…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286368
ISSN: 2633-304X
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JNIM’s top leader Iyad ag Ghali and key deputy Amadou Koufa, have been in place since the group’s 2017 creation, giving the group some leadership continuity, despite a period of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB287129
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
This could worsen to an estimated 49.5 million people by mid-year as the lean season sets in between harvests. Meanwhile, over 100 million people could face food insecurity if…