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Government finances crashed last year as Chinese demand for natural gas, Turkmenistan's main export, dropped sharply owing to the impact of COVID-19.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB262472
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
This places two-thirds of Ukrainian regions under the most stringent COVID-19 restrictions. In its second pandemic autumn, Ukraine is performing poorly because this year's…
Shortages in Turkmenistan despite gas wealth.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB217187
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Like Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan took timely action when evidence of COVID-19 emerged. Their governments' claim of effective management may prove justified but is…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB253689
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Fear of being called up has driven men to leave Russia by multiple routes. Kazakhstan and Georgia are popular destinations, reached overland. States that traditionally provided…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB273758
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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A deal would be a sign of success in bilateral engagement since President Volodymyr Zelensky came to power. This is not a breakthrough -- conflict resolution is still at a…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB245993
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Both governments hope to benefit from IMF and EU emergency funding through the COVID-19 crisis. In addition, Ukraine is still working on persuading the IMF that it deserves a…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB252300
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Hydroelectric dam projects in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have long been a sticking point in their relations with Uzbekistan. Resolving these disputes will challenge Uzbek President…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB221734
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The governors have not been given meaningful new powers or substantial funding and have limited scope for independent action. Instead of backing them, Putin is warning them of…
Despite its status as a major oil producer, Kazakhstan has struggled to meet domestic demand for refined products since the 1990s. Unprecedented fuel shortages in October and…