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US sanctions have already impeded payment in hard currency, and Washington’s waivers allowing continuation of the trade may end in February. Exports to Turkey and Iraq have helped…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB250348
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Tehran’s more sophisticated sanctions avoidance tactics and greater willingness to test Washington’s enforcement have substantially boosted exports from 2019 lows. The slow…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB260273
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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The government is pressing ahead with key developments in the energy sector. These include attempts to boost electricity supply and reduce dependence on Iranian gas and power.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB242202
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The sackings and division within the opposition are the latest signs that the post-civil war unity government is unravelling. Renewed fighting in recent days has further damaged…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB212779
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The process will determine the future status of the Russian economy and the effectiveness of the Western pushback. Beijing’s role in helping Russia to expand its links with China…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB278257
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The Rosneft company's growth strategy.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB235460
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Cuba's energy troubles.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB249246
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Record levels of defence spending have led to surging demand for inputs used to manufacture military equipment, driving up output across various sectors. However, evidence of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285498
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Russian import substitution for machinery and equipment.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB236069
ISSN: 2633-304X
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US-imposed sanctions have slashed oil exports, which are now nearly all to China. Output remains robust but is running up against the limits of national storage.