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Russian policymakers are capitalising on underlying strengths such as high reserves, low sovereign debt and oil exports as they shape measures to mitigate existing and potential…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB238470
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Russia's strategy of building up gold reserves.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB230034
ISSN: 2633-304X
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While international reserves are healthy, that portion held in sovereign wealth funds to support budgetary spending has been severely depleted by government drawdowns, and one of…
Russia's sovereign welfare fund will eliminate all its dollar holdings this month. The announcement was timed less than two weeks before Putin's June 16 summit with US President…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB262040
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Western sanctions imposed for Belarus's complicity in the Russian invasion of Ukraine have isolated the country. Much of its export trade is reduced or cut off entirely.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB270640
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The modest GDP increase is attributed to government support for the economy as well as steadier oil prices and the launch of production at the Kashagan oil field. Low debt levels…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB217155
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Venezuela's beleaguered oil sector.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB217979
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Turkmenistan's international relations.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB207448
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The government's scramble to revise its budget.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB207961
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Hit by the COVID-19 pandemic and plummeting global energy prices in the first half of the year, the government drew on its substantial reserves to fund fiscal stimulus and…