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Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 April 2024

Parallel imports have played a crucial role in securing the supply of goods for the Russian economy. The creation and management of parallel import channels is now an important…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 5 April 2024

The war in Ukraine, Western sanctions and the redirection of external trade away from Europe towards new partners all required a surge in investment. The bulk of new investment…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 11 April 2024

More recently, this has involved widely publicised claims that Russia is skirting international sanctions by using African gold from mines seized by proxy forces to help finance…

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