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Europe is increasingly interested in accessing large Turkmen gas reserves, potentially via Turkey, which has reached agreements with Turkmenistan on possible swap deals via Iran…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286656
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Energy ties, already deep, have expanded since 2022 as part of a broader reorientation of Russian commerce away from the West. The similarly authoritarian leadership styles of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286445
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
TURKEY/ISRAEL: Ankara may quietly ease trade threats
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES286358
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Strong household demand, now restored to pre-war levels, mitigated the impact on GDP of falling exports last year. The consumer market is profoundly changed, with new brands from…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286565
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
This is the trajectory followed by the majority of member states. However, blockages remain in east-central Europe, where Turkey could play a role in maintaining direct or…