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These came after leading fintech firm, Fawry, achieved ‘unicorn’ status in August 2020 with a market valuation over USD1bn, and after transportation app Swvl announced plans to…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB264263
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The country has been gradually rolling out reforms over several years as part of a new phase of decentralisation aimed at fuelling dynamism and growth, although these and previous…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB254076
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Syria’s civil war is fought not just with bombs and bullets, but with salaries and services. The government has been able to win this aspect of the war by denying services to…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB220376
ISSN: 2633-304X
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This is below the medium-term target of average annual real GDP growth of 6%, with economic performance largely affected by poor agricultural harvests. There was a modest recovery…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB287009
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The PYD controls the US-backed Kurdish-led administration in north-east Syria. It was the target of an October 2019 invasion by Turkey, which equates it with its own rebel…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB253541
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Plans to rid Egypt of its slums.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB243722
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has started 2021 with a series of bold initiatives to give fresh impetus to visionary investment plans, after a pause because of reputational…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB259044
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Following the removal of sanctions last month, the government is looking to the return of foreign direct investment to kick-start an economic recovery. However, its ambitions to…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB208171
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Earlier, Cairo had announced plans to raise finance by selling off state-owned assets. It is seeking to cover deficits that are increasing rapidly because of the global commodity…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB271118
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Water pollution has long been a problem in the area, linked to poor sewage, farming practices and rubbish disposal. Despite abundant water resources from the mountains, state…