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In the past 12 months, Bahrain, Egypt, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have become dialogue partners of the SCO, while Iran has become a full member.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281934
ISSN: 2633-304X
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A move away from the US dollar is gaining momentum, driven by the West’s use of economic sanctions, high levels of sovereign debt and a desire to de-link monetary policy from the…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB280571
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The ban will be extended by the end of the year to include diamonds polished in third countries, lab-grown diamonds, as well as jewellery and watches containing diamonds. The new…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285470
ISSN: 2633-304X
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More recently, this has involved widely publicised claims that Russia is skirting international sanctions by using African gold from mines seized by proxy forces to help finance…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286368
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Unprecedented Western sanctions have pushed Russia to seek new bilateral free trade agreements (FTAs). Moscow is moving fast to create a wide network of agreements with emerging…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB283317
ISSN: 2633-304X
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War, sanctions and a mutual desire to overturn US-led regional security orders have pushed Moscow and Tehran closer together. Moscow desires to turn what has historically been a…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284914
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Russia seeks to enhance its cooperation with the Gulf Arab states to offset its diplomatic and economic isolation from the West, leveraging its status as a valued security partner…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284355
ISSN: 2633-304X
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In June 2022, Russia booked almost twice the revenue (USD20.4bn) from such exports. Declining oil income poses a serious challenge to the administration of President Vladimir…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB280900
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Cairo’s relations with Moscow have deepened during Sisi’s decade in power, to the consternation of Egypt’s traditional Western partners. However, reports indicate that Sisi made…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281024
ISSN: 2633-304X
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CHINA: Beijing will consider commercial retaliation