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Expert briefing
Publication date: 16 February 2024

The region’s Armenian majority population has fled; displaced Azerbaijanis have returned to Karabakh and formerly occupied surrounding districts. Russia refused to support its…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 2 April 2024

The latest round of talks between Armenia and Azerbaijan in Geneva on March 22 ended without any concrete progress on negotiations over a bilateral peace agreement. The meeting…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 21 November 2023

Azerbaijan’s recapture of the Nagorno-Karabakh region signalled a new era in Russia’s foreign policy towards the South Caucasus. Distracted by its war in Ukraine, Moscow is no…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 February 2024

This follows years of the region being regarded as of peripheral interest to Brussels. Nonetheless, relations have not always been smooth.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 15 September 2023

Turkish state-owned utility BOTAS has a supply contract with Bulgargaz which also includes access to the Bulgarian grid. It is in position to resell Russian gas to customers in…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 July 2023

Chinese President Xi Jinping addressed the opening ceremony by video link, hailing the “irresistible” trend towards multipolarity and economic globalisation. The forum discussed…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 30 October 2023

The EU seeks to improve connectivity among its members and partners in South-eastern Europe, with added impetus since the invasion of Ukraine. Improved cross-border connections…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 30 November 2023

During his meeting with his Kazakh counterpart Kassym-Jomart Tokayev in Astana, Putin called the two countries “not just allies, but very close allies”. A month earlier, Putin had…

Executive summary
Publication date: 28 September 2023

CIS: Region will grow faster than expected

Expert briefing
Publication date: 16 April 2024

Energy ties, already deep, have expanded since 2022 as part of a broader reorientation of Russian commerce away from the West. The similarly authoritarian leadership styles of…

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