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RUSSIA: Gazprom’s future will be bleak
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES286835
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Faced with the diminution of foreign currency reserves, the government has taken steps to encourage exporters to repatriate the dollars they earn abroad and place them within the…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286561
ISSN: 2633-304X
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PAKISTAN/IRAN: Ties will face US-related pressures
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES286633
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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This is the trajectory followed by the majority of member states. However, blockages remain in east-central Europe, where Turkey could play a role in maintaining direct or…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286400
ISSN: 2633-304X
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EGYPT/TURKEY: Erdogan’s visit boosts rapprochement
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES285256
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Previously, in December 2023, South Korea signed a landmark free trade agreement (FTA) with the six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), only the bloc’s second with a major…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285843
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The elections, resulting in a fractured mandate and marred by allegations of rigging, have increased polarisation. Separately, Pakistan’s nine-month, roughly USD3bn Stand-By…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285381
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Tokayev has also criticised regional officials for relying excessively on budgetary funding and not doing enough to attract private capital. However, structural economic and…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285674
ISSN: 2633-304X
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RUSSIA: Exports likely to become less important
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES285850
ISSN: 2633-304X
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However, although output has grown, a tight labour market and persistent inflation have created new problems. The reorientation of trade away from Europe has resulted in a…