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1 – 10 of 172The PoE has since 2009 reported regularly on North Korea’s violations of UN Security Council (UNSC) sanctions. Beijing and Moscow are resisting an ineffective UN sanctions…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286707
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Russia maintains a delicate balance in the Middle East, preserving a close relationship with Shia-majority Iran and a security presence in neighbouring Syria while seeking…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286793
ISSN: 2633-304X
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NORTH KOREA/IRAN: Bilateral ties will grow
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES286676
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Defence spending will account for 1.2% of GDP in 2024, having remained stable at around this figure for at least the past two decades. Nevertheless, outside estimates of China’s…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286228
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Russian technology has advanced North Korea's satellite development. Russia is strengthening economic, diplomatic and cultural ties with North Korea, although UN sanctions are an…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285184
ISSN: 2633-304X
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After Ukraine’s summer counter-offensive failed to achieve any of its major objectives, Russia has regained the initiative in the ground war. It captured the frontline fortress…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285609
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Turkey’s confrontation with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) is a key driver of regional and to some extent international policy. Erdogan’s comfortable victory in the May 2023…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285684
ISSN: 2633-304X
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This is a morale booster for Kyiv, but a lengthy accession procedure, likely vetoes from pro-Russian or Ukrainian-neutral governments, and uncertainty over the war’s course will…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284211
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The budget is likely to be enacted by the end of the current fiscal year in March 2024. Rapidly increasing military spending reflects drastic changes in Tokyo’s defence policy. On…
UKRAINE: Military will struggle without new aid