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Expert briefing
Publication date: 13 July 2018

Iraq and Syria -- neighbours with many economic, political and social connections -- have both been subject to years of destructive armed conflict. They are now looking to…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 8 September 2020

Under development for over a decade, the NIN had its first major trial when Tehran imposed an internet blackout in response to mass protests last November, with mixed success.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 4 February 2016

The European Commission has upped its contribution to 1 billion euros, with Germany next at 428 million, and Italy fourth at 225 million, after securing agreement that it would be…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 3 March 2021

In fact, ten years after that conflict started, with President Bashar al-Assad still in control of two-thirds of the country, no foreign state shows any sign of making a major…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 13 October 2017

On the same day, Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Muallem told his Russian counterpart that although the Kurds were “drunk” on US assistance, Damascus would not allow the violation…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 3 December 2020

This follows the finalisation in October of a new electoral law introducing a higher degree of proportional representation (PR), and fraught parliamentary agreement on…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 December 2018

The withdrawal came with neither notice nor any obvious precipitating event, and is ultimately more a piece of political showmanship than a decision rooted in fiscal calculation…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 11 May 2020

This follows a long vacuum after popular protests forced the resignation of Adel Abdel-Mahdi in November, and two earlier nominees failed to be confirmed. Kadhimi’s appointment…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 December 2018

Delegates succeeded in establishing most of the technical guidance necessary to implement the 2015 Paris Agreement -- a notable achievement, but not one that will, in itself…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 23 August 2018

Although the Turkish-US alliance has had recurrent tensions and frictions during seven decades, it is experiencing troubles that might be terminal and could also undo the economic…

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