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The health emergency has highlighted more differences than coordination in their responses.
Commodity exports have been hit in both countries, the Georgian tourism sector has become a source of weakness, and Armenia is exposed to Russia because of trade and labour…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB252114
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Kazakhstan's post-COVID-19 outlook.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB252811
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
In response to the new macroeconomic realities, the government put on hold the fiscal consolidation plans it announced earlier and allocated 4.4 trillion tenge (10.1 billion…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB251896
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev says that the immediate emergency is over and that the CSTO force can safely depart after making a "psychological" contribution to removing the…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB266681
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
The projected fiscal deficit of 3.5% of GDP assumes a forecast 2.1% economic contraction this year. The authorities have used their ample fiscal space and large sovereign wealth…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB257376
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Since the initial lockdown of March-May 2020, the government has prioritised economic reopening. This has had some success: last year's GDP contraction was less severe than many…
A parallel bill requiring people to show electronic QR codes for train and air travel has been withdrawn. Both bills were halted by public opposition and President Vladimir…
The governing Nur Otan party won most seats and two tame allies were awarded a few. The importance of this election is that it offers pointers to how much power President…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB258928
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
A third wave of COVID-19 began to accelerate in June after two earlier waves between March 2020 and March 2021. The third wave is attributable to relaxations of restrictions at…