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Vietnam is Russia’s closest partner in South-east Asia and has refused to criticise Moscow over the Ukraine war. Between 2000 and 2022, Russia accounted for more than 80% of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284520
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Topical
Defence spending will account for 1.2% of GDP in 2024, having remained stable at around this figure for at least the past two decades. Nevertheless, outside estimates of China’s…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286228
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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The trip was part of a wider Russian strategy to circumvent Western sanctions by strengthening political, economic and military ties with Asian countries. Vietnam is an old friend…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB287977
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
The United States thereby joined the small list of countries -- which includes China -- to have this level of diplomatic relations with Vietnam. Hanoi and Washington announced…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB282554
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Over the past two decades, Russia has reoriented its economic centre of gravity to Asia and China in particular. At first, trade growth was built around the sale of hydrocarbons…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284229
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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In April, the deputy minister of international relations of the Chinese Communist Party's Central Committee, Chen Zhou, visited Georgia to discuss bilateral relations. The trip…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB287999
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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State intervention has helped the production and export of food products to soar to record levels, with markets in Asia and the Middle East replacing those of Europe. These…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286145
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Modestly increased gas exports to China have offset only a fraction of the lost business in Europe. The United States last year imposed sanctions on the flagship Arctic-2 LNG…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB284845
ISSN: 2633-304X
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A combination of the threat of US sanctions, shifting patterns of demand on international markets, and the growing demands of Russia’s own military has caused arms exports to…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB285702
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
A strong grain and vegetable harvest, and increased animal husbandry production, means that Russia remains a key player in international food markets. During the first nine months…