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Limits to Russia’s ties with Turkey will persist

Location:

RUSSIA

Energy ties, already deep, have expanded since 2022 as part of a broader reorientation of Russian commerce away from the West. The similarly authoritarian leadership styles of…

Turkey’s emissions targets will be missed

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TURKEY

The destruction of Akbelen forest to provide coal for power plants highlights Turkey’s weak commitment to reducing carbon dioxide emissions. New coal-fired power plants are still…

War in Ukraine will impel Kazakhstan to diversify

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KAZAKHSTAN

Kazakhstan’s economy has weathered well the turbulences created by the war in Ukraine. A new context for the country’s traditional aspirations to balance and diversify economic…

Gulf economies are on a stable track despite risks

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GULF STATES

The IMF has revised downwards its forecast for Saudi GDP growth in 2024 to 2.7% but raised its 2025 forecast to 5.5%. This reflects a positive medium-term outlook for the Gulf…

CIS economic group will help Russia weather sanctions

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CIS

Chinese President Xi Jinping addressed the opening ceremony by video link, hailing the “irresistible” trend towards multipolarity and economic globalisation. The forum discussed…

China is unlikely to provide more support to Russia

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RUSSIA

China has provided low-key economic support for Russia so far, but overt military support for Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has not been forthcoming. Beijing has also resisted…

Turkey-Turkmen-Iranian gas swap could move quickly

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TURKEY/TURKMENISTAN

Europe is increasingly interested in accessing large Turkmen gas reserves, potentially via Turkey, which has reached agreements with Turkmenistan on possible swap deals via Iran…

Vietnam will rethink its relations with Russia

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VIETNAM

Vietnam is Russia’s closest partner in South-east Asia and has refused to criticise Moscow over the Ukraine war. Between 2000 and 2022, Russia accounted for more than 80% of…

Brunei will step up efforts to diversify economy

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BRUNEI

The IMF recently recommended structural reforms to bolster the economy, which has struggled to recover from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Brunei has long been reliant on…

The EU’s phase-out of Russian gas is not guaranteed

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EU

This is the trajectory followed by the majority of member states. However, blockages remain in east-central Europe, where Turkey could play a role in maintaining direct or…