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This study aims to acquire the influence mechanism of gas film adaptive adjustment (GFAA) acted on the dynamic characteristics of spiral groove dry gas seal (S-DGS) and then propose a sealing stability enhancement measure.

The gas film dynamic stiffness and damping of S-DGS are obtained by numerically solving the transient Reynolds equation based on perturbation method and finite difference method. The dynamic coefficients in GFAA model and constant gas film thickness (CGFT) model are compared and analyzed.

There is the risk to misestimate the instability of DGS with rotational speed or medium pressure grows under the condition of CGFT assumption. Based on GFAA model, increasing balance ratio B properly is an effective measure to improve the stability of DGS. The balance ratio can stimulate the sensitivity of gas film dynamic coefficients to the variation of rotational speed. Increasing medium pressure in small balance ratio range will be conducive to reducing the risk of angular instability.

The influence mechanism of GFAA on S-DGS dynamic characteristics is analyzed. The interactions between rotational speed and balance ratio, medium pressure and balance ratio acted on gas film dynamic characteristics are explored based on the GFAA model.